高考英语核心词汇精解与巧记

高考英语核心词汇精解与巧记

惠州市惠阳高级中学 余庆农

资料来源：《广东教育·高中》杂志2008年第9期

1. able [???????] a. 能够的；有能力的 [示例] He is an able man.他是一个能人。 [搭配] be able to do sth 能做某事

[反义] unable [???????] ?a. 不能的，不能胜任的 [派生] ability [????????] ?n. 能力；才能

disabled [?????????] a. 残废的，残疾的 disability [????????????] ?n. 残疾；无能 2. about [???????] ?ad. 大约；到处；周围

prep. 关于；到处

[示例] Tell me all about it.告诉我关于这件事的一切。 [搭配] be about to do sth即将做某事

How/What about…? ?怎么样?

[近义] approximately ?[??????????????] ad. 大约

round [??????]ad. 大约(非正式)

around [???????] ?ad. 大约；到处；周围 prep.到处

3. above [ ?????] ?prep. 在?上面，超出 a. 上面的 ad. 在?之上 [示例] The birds are flying above us.小鸟在我们上方飞翔。 [搭配] be above 超出?之外，超过

above oneself 自命不凡，自高自大 from above 自上面，自高处，自上级 [近义] over [??????] ?prep. 在?(正)上方

[反义] below [???????prep. 在?下面 (斜下方)

under [ ?????]prep. 在?下面(正下方) 4. absent [?????????a. 缺席的，不在的

[示例] Mr. Kent was absent from the meeting.肯特先生缺席了那次会议。 [搭配] be absent from sth 缺席某事

[反义] present [???????]a. 出席的 [派生] absence [???????]?n.缺席 5. accept [????????]vt. 接受

[示例] Lily received quite a few invitations, but she accepted none except Jack’s.李莉收到好几张请柬，不过除了杰克的外，她一张也没接受。

[近义] receive [???????]v. 收到；接待 [反义] refuse [????????]?vi. 拒绝

decline [????????]?v.谢绝

reject [?????????]v. 拒绝，不接受 [派生] acceptance [???????????]?n. 接受

6. act [???] v. 表演，扮演(角色)；演出(戏)；行动 n. 法令，条例 [示例] The actress acts her part very well .那位女演员扮演的角色很成功。 [搭配] act as 充当

act out (用手势或语言)表达出来 [近义] perform [???????]?v. 表演 [派生] action [??????]?n. 行动

active [??????]?a. 积极的，主动的 activity [??????????]n. 活动 actor [??????]n. 男演员

actress [????????]n. 女演员

actual [?????????]a. 实际的；现实的 7. advise [????????]vt.劝告，建议

[示例] We advised her that she (should) wait.=We advised her to wait.我们劝她等。 [用法]后接从句时，从句谓语用“(should+)原形”。 [搭配] advise sb to do sth 劝某人做某事 [派生] advice [???????]n.劝告，建议 [近义] suggest [????????]?vt. 建议

suggestion [??????????]?n. 建议 persuade [????????]?vt. 说服，劝说 8. agree [??????]v. 同意；应允 [示例] I can’t agree more.我非常赞成。 [搭配] agree on sth经协商取得一致意见

agree with (sb [ what one says)与?的观点一致 agree to sth 同意(别人提出的建议、计划等) agree to do sth 同意做某事

[反义] differ [?????]v. 相异，有区别

disagree [??????????]?vi.意见不一致 [派生] agreement [???????????]?n. 同意，协议

disagreement [??????????????]n. 意见不一致

[巧记只在一言中] The director with strong accent is about 40. He is an absent-minded person above himself and seldom agrees with others, so when I advised him to advertise for an able actress, he refused to accept. 那位口音很重的导演约四十岁。他是一个心不在焉且自命不凡的人，很少接受他人的意见。当我建议他登广告招聘能干的女演员时，他拒绝了我的建议。

9. all [????]?a.& ad.& pron. 全部(的、地)

[示例] All of us don’t agree with what he said.我们并不都赞同他说的话。 [搭配] above all 首先，首要，最重要的是

after all 毕竟，终究

at all (常用于否定句或疑问句中)完全、竟然 in all 总计，总共

[反义] none [????]?pron. 无任何东西或人，无一人 10. allow [?????]?vt. 允许，准许

[示例] You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不许吸烟。 [搭配] allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事

[近义] permit [??????]?vt.允许(比allow正式)

let [???]?vt. 让(let sb do sth.)

[反义] forbid [???????]?vt. 禁止，不许

prohibit [?????????]?v. 禁止；阻止 [派生] allowable [????????]?a. 允许的，正当的 11. among [?????]?prep.在(三个以上)之间

[示例] Between you and me, Mr. Li is among the teachers I don’t like.私下跟你说，李老师是我不喜欢的老师之一。

[近义] between [????????]prep.在(两者)之间 12. angry [???????]a. 生气的，愤怒的

[示例] Mrs. Kent was angry at her husband for not being given a present .肯特太太因为没得到礼物很生她丈夫的气。

[搭配] be/get angry with sb 生某人的气

be/get angry at/about sth 因某事感到生气

[反义] calm [????]?a. 镇静的；沉着的 v. 镇静；沉着 [派生] anger [?????]?n. 生气，愤怒

angrily [????????]ad. 生气地，愤怒地

13. another [???????]?a.另一；别的pron. (泛指)另一个

[示例] I don’t like these shoes. Please show me another pair. 我不喜欢这双鞋。请拿另一双给我看看。

[搭配] one another 相互

one after another 一个接一个 [近义] others泛指的别人或物

the other(特指两者中的)另一个；另外的

the others(特指的)另外那些人或物 else (疑问代词或不定代词后)别的

14. appear [?????]?vi. 出现；显得，似乎，看起来

[示例] It appears as if she's lost interest in her job.看来她对自己的工作已失去兴趣。 [近义] look 看起来 seem 似乎，好像 [反义] disappear ?vi. 消失

[派生] appearance ?n. 出现，露面；容貌 15. apply [??????] v. 申请

[示例] Who should I apply to for a visa?我应该向谁申请签证？ [搭配] apply for sth 申请，请求

[派生] applicant [?????????]?n. 申请人

application [???????????]?n. 申请；实施

16. appoint [???????]?v. 约定，指定(时间、地点)；任命

[示例] To his disappointment, he has not been appointed captain.令他感到失望的是，他没有被任命为船长。

[搭配] appoint sb to a post 任命某人担任某职位

appoint a date for sth 确定做某事的日期 [近义] elect vt. (投票)选举 [派生] appointment n. 约会 [联想]disappoint vt. 使失望

disappointed a. 失望的

disappointment ?n. 失望；沮丧

[巧记只在一言中] The applicant received one failure after another, but he wasn’t disappointed or angry with himself. Instead, he appeared calm. He never let his disappointment out. We all accept him as one among a thousand.那位申请人一次又一次失败，但他从不失望、也不自怨自艾。相反，他显得很镇定。他从不表现他的失望。我们都认为他是一个千里挑一的人。

责任编校 蒋小青

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