中药微生物转化的研究(2)

4酯化反应和水解反应

桉烷型化合物大部分都含有乙酸酯结构,在代谢过程中,虽然所用的菌种不同,但几乎所有的底物都产生了酯基水解的代谢产物。而与水解反应相对,作者也同样发现乙酸酯化反应也比较容易出现在代谢产物中[10]。在酯化反应中,作者发现密叶辛木素(confertifolin) ,经过转化后生成2种代谢产物,其中主产物是3β-羟基化密叶辛木素,而另一种代谢产物则是3β-乙酸酯化密叶辛木素。很有可能这两个产物是由一条代谢途径来完成的,这一推测可能为合成有用的酯类化合物提供了捷径。

5环氧化

环氧化反应在转化的过程中也很普遍,多发生在化合物的双键部位,尤其在萜类中常见,除环氧化反应,双键部位也很容易形成邻二醇结构,没药醇[11][(-)- α-bisabolol]一种单环倍半萜类化合物,它在Glomerella cingulata作用下生成的几种代谢产物就是这一类反应的典型代表。还有前面提到的ent-kaur-16-en-19-oicacid,其在培养15 d后又出现一种代谢产物ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid,这个代谢过程发生的化学反应使16,17位双键生成为（下转第91页）（上接第84页）邻二醇结构。

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