2024_2024学年高中英语Unit3Ahealthylife单元质量评估新人教版选

单元质量评估(三)

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

Many experts say that 2015's allergy season is the worst one in recent history.The long winter with bitter cold temperatures delayed some trees from pollinating(对……授粉)．When trees pollinate，they release pollen(花粉)．Since not all trees pollinate at the same time，the delays are resulting in a large number of trees releasing pollen at once，which is the biggest cause of spring allergies.

About one in five Americans suffer from some kind of allergy，according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America.Seasonal allergies are the most common，while not as severe as food and insect allergies.

Experts say those living in the New England region—which saw its last winter storm in March—might want to pay close attention to pollen levels.But，any region that's been slow to warm up this year may be affected.

The following are some tips for fighting allergies：

·Use as few hair products as possible or wash hair every day.Hair pastes cause the hair to become a pollen magnet(有吸引力之物)．

·If possible，bathe at night.Your clothing，skin，and hair may pick up pollen throughout the day.If you can't bathe at night，make sure you at least wash your face at night，giving your eye area some special attention.

·Stay inside during and directly after thunderstorms and keep house windows shut.While light rains can decrease pollen counts，thunderstorms actually stir up pollen.

·Bathe your dog regularly and avoid allowing your dog to lay in bed with you.After being outside，your dog can bring pollen into your home.

【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了季节性过敏加剧的原因和缓解办法。 1．What has made 2015's allergy season worse? A．Longer spring. C．Too many trees.

B．Stronger wind. D．Climate change.

解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“The long winter with bitter cold temperatures delayed some trees...the biggest cause of spring allergies”可推断，气候变化，即较长的冬季，导致一些树木延期授粉，进而导致大量的树木在同一段时间授粉，从而使季节性过敏加剧。

答案：D

2．People who suffer from allergies had better eat ________． A．raw fruits C．cooked fruits 答案：C

3．According to the text，hair products ________． A．can attract pollen B．can be used every day C．can cause allergies directly D．can help users avoid allergies

解析：推理判断题。由第二点建议中的“Hair pastes cause the hair to become a pollen magnet”可推断，美发产品会吸引花粉。

答案：A

B

Snow White.Paper.Freak(怪人)．These are some of the not-so-nice names that I was called in sixth and seventh grade.That's because I was born with a medical condition called albinism(白化病)，which I'll have for the rest of my life.

It's not just school that can be difficult，though.When I'm walking down the street，strangers stare.People come up and pet my hair，like I'm a little dog.Other times they talk to me like I'm 5 years old.My brain works just fine.Thank you very much!

In eighth grade，things started to change for the better because I met a girl named Rachel，who is now my best friend.She doesn't judge me.I love the fact that she doesn't care what anyone else thinks of her.It has helped me realize that I don't need to care what anyone thinks of me，either.

There are actually benefits to my condition.For one，I might qualify for a scholarship.And I got a free iPad，because it helps enlarge some of the text I need to read at school.And check out my eyes！I have a special eye colour.I love looking unique.

I know that I will always have to deal with being bullied and having visual

B．fresh fruits D．fruits with peel

problem，but when you go through stuff that's hard，it makes you a stronger person.

【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章是一位白化病女孩的自述。 4．Why do people pet the author's hair? A．Because her hair looks beautiful. B．Because they want to comfort her. C．Because they think she looks strange. D．Because there is something on her hair.

解析：推理判断题。由文章开头的“Snow White.Paper.Freak”及第二段中的“like I'm a little dog”可推断，人们摸作者的头发是因为他们觉得患白化病的她看起来很奇怪。

答案：C

5．The author uses a cane ________． A．to fight against bullying B．to support her body C．to help her to focus D．to find her way

解析：推理判断题。由第三段末的“I also have an eye condition...to detect any obstacles”可推断，作者因为眼睛不好，需要借助手杖来了解路况。

答案：D

6．What does the author learn from her friend Rachel? A．Never judge by appearances alone. B．Where there is a will，there is a way.

C．Never care much about what people think of you.

D．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.

解析：细节理解题。由第四段末的“I love the fact that she doesn't care...what anyone thinks of me，either”可知。

答案：C

7．The illness makes the author learn to ________． A．be tough C．study hard

B．be proud D．make friends

解析：细节理解题。由文章末的“it makes you a stronger person”可知，疾病使作者学会坚强。

答案：A

C

Imagine being told not to drink，shower，or brush your teeth with tap water.That's

what happened to people of Toledo，Ohio，and parts of Michigan after tap water coming from Lake Erie was found to be unsafe.Hundreds of thousands of people were affected.

As a temporary solution，bottled water was trucked into the area and the Ohio National Guard was purifying(净化) water for people.But by Monday morning，the ban had been removed.“Our water is safe，” said Toledo mayor D Michael Collins.“Families can return to normal life.”To reassure people，he took a sip from a glass of the city's tap water.

Toledo is Ohio's fourth largest city.News about the water ban came after tests at one water－treatment plant showed high levels of the toxin microcystin(微囊藻毒素)．Algae(藻类) caused the toxin.Following the warning，Ohio Governor John Kasich declared a state of emergency.Drinking the contaminated water could cause vomiting，cramps，and rashes(呕吐、腹部绞痛和出疹)．

To try to solve the problem，city officials added carbon and chlorine(氯) to the water.Test results on Sunday showed that the toxins had probably reached a safe level，but Mayor Collins said two tests had come back “too close for comfort”．It wasn't until Monday that the mayor announced that six new water samples had come back clean and safe to drink.

Tap water accounts for two－thirds of the drinking water consumed in homes across the US.Officials test the quality of the water to make sure it is healthy for people to drink.During the emergency in Ohio and Michigan，officials began to talk about how to stop pollutants from polluting Lake Erie.The lake supplies drinking water to 11 million people and the toxins that polluted the region's drinking water didn't just suddenly appear.

Toledo mayor D Michael Collins said that，going forward，scientists and political leaders need to come together and figure out how to solve the algae problem in Lake Erie.

【语篇解读】 由于伊利湖受到污染，周边城市居民饮用水的安全受到了影响。 8．How many states were affected by water from Lake Erie? A．Two. C．Four.

B．Three. D．Five.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“That's what happened to people of Toledo，Ohio，and parts of Michigan after tap water coming from Lake Erie was found to be unsafe.”可知，俄亥俄州托莱多城和密歇根州的部分地区都因为伊利湖水不安全而受到影响。

答案：A

9．D Michael Collins drank the city's tap water just to ________． B．show it was dangerous to drink C．act as a temporary solution D．show it was safe to drink

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“‘Families can return to normal life.’To reassure people，he took a sip from a glass of the city's tap water.”可推知，柯林斯市长之所以喝自来水，是为了证明自来水已经可以安全饮用，以此来打消人们的顾虑。

答案：D

10．What does the underlined word “contaminated” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Polluted. C．Dirty.

B．Clean. D．Improved.

解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“News about the water ban came after tests at one water－treatment plant showed high levels of the toxin microcystin.”可知，禁水令在一家水处理厂的测试显示水中含超标的微囊藻毒素之后执行。再根据画线词下文“cause vomiting，cramps，and rashes”可知，饮用后会导致呕吐、腹部绞痛和出疹。由此可猜出画线词的含义。

答案：A

A．The tests on adding chlorine to the water. B．The measures the city officials took. C．The bans the city officials made.

D．Mayor Collins' opinion on solving the pollution problem.

解析：主旨大意题。第四段谈道：为了解决问题，市政官员向水中加碳和氯。接下来又谈到了几次水的检测。由此可知，本段主要谈论了市政官员处理水危机而采取的措施。

答案：B

D

Vincent Peale smiled sympathetically (同情地)．“Let's take a look at your situation，” he said calmly.On a piece of paper he drew a straight line down the middle.He suggested that they list on the left side the things the man had lost, and on the right, the things he had left.“You don't need that column (栏) on the right side，” said the man sadly.“I have nothing left.”

Peale asked, “When did your wife leave you？” “What do you mean？” the man asked, “She hasn't left me.My wife loves me！” “That's great！” said Peale.“Then that will be number one in the right column — Wife hasn't left.Now, when were your children put into prison？” “That's a silly question.My children aren't in

prison！” “Good! That's number two in the right column — Children are not in prison，” said Peale, writing it down.

After a few more questions in the same column, the man finally got the point and smiled in spite of himself (不由自主地)．“Things will change when you think of them in another way，” he said.

Change your thoughts and you will change your world.If you paint in your mind a picture of bright and happy expectations, you will put yourself into a condition helpful to your goal.

【语篇解读】 改变思维就会改变你的世界。心中充满美好的期待，你就会实现自己的目标。

12．Why did the man feel he was in deepest darkness? A．Because his wife had quarreled with him and left. B．Because his children were put into prison. C．Because he had lost everything in his life.

D．Because he only thought of the dark side of his life.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容首先排除A、B; 根据文章内容可以知道，并非是这个人丢失了所有的东西才使他感到生活没有光彩，故可排除C。

答案：D

13．What would happen to the man at last? A．He went home happily and hopefully. B．He didn't believe what Peale had said. C．He filled the left column with bad things. D．He wrote down what Peale had said.

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及全文可以推知，这个人在文森特的开导下，不再感到悲伤，最后应该是高兴地、充满希望地回家了。

答案：A

14．Vincent Peale drew a straight line on a piece of paper to ________． A．show the man how to change his idea B．make a list of things the man needed to do C．help the man know the situation he was in

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，文森特在纸的中间画了一条直线，目的是为了帮助这个人分析他当前的情况。

答案：C

15．The author suggests in the passage that we should ________．

A．ask for help when we are in trouble B．understand people who are in darkness C．think of the things in a positive way D．try to solve the problems by ourselves

解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段特别是“Change your thoughts and you change your world.”可知，作者建议我们要以积极的态度来思考问题。

答案：C

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Improve Your Memory

Do you find yourself forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests.____16____ Before your next big exam，be sure to check out some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory.

Focus your attention on the materials you are studying.Attention is one of the major components(组成部分)of memory.In order for information to move from short-term memory into long-term memory，you need to actively attend to this information.____17____

Structure and organize the information you are studying.Researchers have found that information is best organized in related groups.____18____ Or you can make an outline of your notes and textbook readings to help group-related concepts(概念)．

19____ when you are studying unfamiliar materials，take the time to think about how this information relates to things that you already know.By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories，you can greatly increase the likelihood of recalling(回想起)the recently learned information.

Pay extra attention to difficult information.Remembering information at the beginning or end of an article is easy.However，recalling information from its middle can be difficult.____20____ Another way is to try restructuring what you have learned so it will be easier to remember.When you come across an especially difficult concept，devote some extra time to memorizing the information.

【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了提高记忆力的四种方法。 A．Use this approach in your own studies.

B．Try grouping similar concepts and terms together. C．Relate new information to things you already know.

D．Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory. E．Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.

G．You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.

16．解析：由该空前的“forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests”和该空后的“some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory”可知，F项“幸运的是，有些方法可以帮助你提高记忆力”符合此处语境。

答案：F

17．解析：E项中的“concentrate on your learning”与该段的主题句“Focus your attention on the materials you are studying”相照应。

答案：E

18．解析：由该段的主题句以及“help group-related concepts”可知，B项“尝试将相似的概念和术语放在一起”符合此处语境。

答案：B

19．解析：由该段中的“When you are studying unfamiliar materials...relates to things that you already know和establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories”可知，本段主题为：把新的信息与你所知道的联系起来能帮助提高记忆力。

答案：C

20．解析：G项中的“spending extra time memorizing this information”与该段的主题句“Pay extra attention to difficult information”相呼应。

答案：G

第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One October morning，the sky was clear and the sun was shining.Bethany Hamilton decided to go __21__ with some friends in Hawaii.

As one of the best teenage surfers in the world，the 13－year－old American girl was planning to become a __22__ surfer.Cheerfully，she was lying on her surfboard，waiting for the next big wave.Suddenly，a big shark __23__ her left arm and shook her backwards and forwards.Bethany held onto her board and the shark eventually swam away—but it took her __24__ away with it.__25__，it attacked only once.It happened

so fast that she didn't even __26__．

As Bethany started to swim back to the beach with one arm，her friends thought she was joking.But to their horror，they saw the __27__ and rushed to help.

Having lost almost half the blood，Bethany's __28__ was a miracle(奇迹)，according to doctors.But she wanted to do __29__ just survive.

“It never crossed my mind that I might never get on a surfboard again，”she recalled later，“I wondered whether I would actually be __30__ to do it or not.But __31__ I left hospital，I had decided that I was going to surf.”

With the support of her family，Bethany __32__ to get back on her board only one month after the attack.Her dad fixed a handle on her surfboard to help her paddle(划水) through and into waves.

When she returned to surfing at a competition in Hawaii，Bethany was __33__ in dangerous waves that broke her surfboard.As a result，she gave away her remaining boards and quit.She tried using an artificial arm，but it turned out to be __34__ while surfing.

After __35__ in Thailand in the 2004 earthquake and helping homeless survivors who had lost everything，Bethany __36__ her decision to give up the sport she loved and __37__ to try professional surfing again.Less than a year after the accident，she won first place in a surfing competition in Hawaii.And all her struggles and efforts __38__ when she won in a world championship years later.

She also received several __39__，including a special award for courage at the MTV Teen Choice Awards in 2004 and the Woman of the Year award from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia in 2006.Her __40__，true story gained wider attention with the release(发行) of the film Soul Surfer.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是冲浪女孩贝瑟尼在一次冲浪中，突然遭到一头凶猛的鲨鱼的攻击，左臂被咬掉。在经历了几次尝试后，她曾经一度放弃梦想，但是在参加了一次志愿活动之后，又决心为梦想而奋斗，最终她的努力得到了回报。

21．A.swimming C．sailing

B．boating D．surfing

解析：根据第二段第一句中的“the best teenage surfers in the world”可知，贝瑟尼应该是去冲浪。故选D。

答案：D

22．A.professional C．dream

B．free D．special

解析：根据倒数第二段第一句中的“to try professional surfing again”可知，她的梦想是当一名专业的冲浪手。故选A。

答案：A 23．A.touched C．bit

B．struck D．took

解析：根据上下文情景可知，鲨鱼应该是“咬”住贝瑟尼的胳膊。故选C。 答案：C 24．A.arm C．friend

B．surfboard D．hand

解析：根据第三段第一句可知，她用一条胳膊往回游，是因为另一条胳膊被鲨鱼咬掉了。故选A。

答案：A

25．A.Strangely

B．Especially

解析：根据空格前后的语境可知，鲨鱼只攻击了她一次，所以她应该是幸运的，如果鲨鱼再次攻击，她可能会有生命危险。故选D。

答案：D 26．A.think C．scream

B．fight D．escape

解析：根据上文内容可知，鲨鱼攻击速度之快，她甚至连呼救的机会都没有。A项意为“思考”；B项意为“战斗，打”；C项意为“呼喊，呼救”；D项意为“逃跑，逃脱”。故选C。

答案：D 27．A.shark C．attack

B．blood D．scene

解析：根据下文“Having lost almost half the blood”可知，她的朋友本以为她在开玩笑，但看到她流血后才匆忙赶去营救。故选B。

答案：B

28．A.survival C．accident

B．courage D．injury

解析：根据下文内容及常识可知，在流了身体里一半的血后，贝瑟尼能够“活下来”或“幸存下来”是一个奇迹。故选A。

答案：A

29．A.rather than C．better than

B．more than D．other than

解析：根据下文内容可知，活下来并不是她唯一的念头，她还想要追求自己的冲浪梦想。B项意为“不仅仅，不只是”，符合语境。A项意为“而不是”；C项意为“好于，超过，多于”；D项意为“除了”，都与语境不符。故选B。

答案：B

30．A.suitable C．strong

B．lucky D．able

解析：根据语境可知，由于自己的身体缺陷，贝瑟尼开始怀疑自己是否有能力再去冲浪。be able to do...意为“能够做……”，符合语境。故选D。

答案：D 31．A.while C．before

B．after D．until

解析：根据下文“had decided”为过去完成时可知，“decided”发生在“left”之前，因此此处应该选before，即在出院之前就已经下定决心了。故选C。

答案：C 32．A.hoped C．agreed

B．managed D．offered

解析：句意：在她家人的支持下，仅仅在受到袭击一个月后，贝瑟尼又成功地回到了冲浪板上。manage to do sth意为“设法做成某事”，符合语境。hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”；agree to do sth意为“同意做某事”；offer to do sth意为“提出要做某事”，都与语境不符。故选B。

答案：B 33．A.caught C．lost

B．noticed D．driven

解析：此处指她遭遇巨浪，帆板被冲断。be caught in意为“遭遇……”，符合语境。故选A。

答案：A 34．A.helpful C．wonderful

B．useless D．meaningless

解析：句意：她尝试用假肢，但是结果证明在冲浪时不管用。根据“but”可知，假肢不管用。故选B。

答案：B

35．A.training C．travelling

B．settling D．volunteering

解析：根据下文中的“helping homeless survivors”可知，她是去泰国当志愿者，即

自愿帮助地震中那些无家可归的幸存者。故选D。

答案：D

36．A.reconsidered C．recognized

B．remembered D．recalled

解析：根据语境可知，以前她放弃了自己所热爱的运动，但是在当志愿者帮助那些在地震中无家可归的幸存者后，她又重新考虑了这个决定。故选A。

答案：A 37．A.refused C．decided

B．started D．continued

解析：句意：……她决心再次尝试专业冲浪。decide to do sth意为“决心去做某事”，符合语境。故选C。

答案：C

38．A.paid out C．paid in

B．paid for D．paid off

解析：根据空格后的“when she won in a world championship years later”可知，此处指她所有的努力和付出都获得了回报。pay off意为“得到好结果，得到回报或成功”，符合语境。pay out意为“付出，报复”；pay for意为“为……付款”；pay in意为“存款”，都与语境不符。故选D。

答案：D 39．A.gifts C．rewards

B．honours D．praises

解析：根据空格后的具体奖项可知，此处是说她获得的荣誉。honour意为“荣誉，光荣的事”，符合语境。故选B。

答案：B

40．A.exciting C．inspiring

B．dangerous D．adventurous

解析：根据上文内容可知，残疾女孩贝瑟尼为梦想而努力奋斗并最终获得成功，这样真实的故事是“激励或鼓舞人心的”。故选C。

答案：C

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tibet is among 41.________ most popular places for Chinese tourists.The number of travellers to Tibet has grown 42.________ 10% every year for several years.Since July 1，2006，when the first train ran 1，956 kilometres from Xining to Lhasa，

more and more people 43.________(go)to Tibet.

Because there isn't much oxygen there，the train provides oxygen masks for those who need them.Passengers will feel 48.________(comfort)when they have enough oxygen on the famous “roof of the world” .There 49.________(be)also doctors on the train to make sure 50.________ all of the travellers are safe.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。简介了青藏铁路列车的有关信息。 41．解析：考查定冠词。形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。 答案：the

42．解析：考查介词。“grow by＋百分数”意为“增长了……”，by表示变化或差异的程度。

答案：by

43．解析：考查完成时。由句中的“Since July 1，2006”可知，应用现在完成(进行)时。

答案：have gone/have been going

44．解析：考查名词。many后需跟可数名词的复数形式，故填services。 答案：services

45．解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。fry与chicken之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填fried。fried chicken意为“炸鸡”。

答案：fried

46．解析：考查关系词。设空处引导定语从句修饰special toilets，故填which/that。 答案：which/that

47．解析：考查动词-ing形式作定语的用法。sun与shine之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且shine所表示的动作正在发生，故填shining。

答案：shining

48．解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。feel后跟形容词，故填comfortable。 答案：comfortable

49．解析：考查一般现在时和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实且由doctors可知应填are。 答案：are

50．解析：考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填that。 答案：that

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)画掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last Sunday our class organized voluntary activity in subway cars.At 9：00，plastic bags in our hand，we gathered at the school gate and headed for the subway station.Upon arrive，we started to work.It was not as easy as we had expected because of some small adlets(小广告)were stick to the floor and seats.See what we were doing，many passengers smiled at us in approval.Soon the subway cars become clean again.Two hours late，our work was finished.When we piled the rubbish bags on the platform，a conductor praised me with her thumb up.Though tired，we felt proud and happily.

答案：

Last Sunday our class organized voluntary activity in subway cars.At 9：00，handplastic bags in our ，we gathered at the school gate and headed for the subway

handsstation.Upon

arrive

，we started to work.It was not as easy as we had

arrival/arriving

stick

to the floor and stuck

expected because some small adlets(小广告)were

See

seats. what we were doing，many passengers smiled at us in approval.Soon the

Seeingbecomelate

subway cars clean again.Two hours ，our work was finished.When we piled

becamelaterme

the rubbish bags on the platform，a conductor praised with her thumb up.Though ustired，we felt proud and

happily

. happy

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

你校英文报开辟了Chinese Idioms专栏。请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文介绍 “江郎才尽”的故事及其寓意并向该栏目投稿。

江郎才尽

南北朝时期有一个叫江淹的文人(man of letters)。他年轻时勤奋且才华出众，写得一手好诗文；然而后来获得名声和地位后，江淹不再努力，诗文大不如从前，人们因此说 “江郎才尽”。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

I want to introduce a famous Chinese idiom—Jiang Lang Cai

Jin.________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

I_want_to_introduce_a_famous_Chinese_idiom—Jiang_Lang_Cai_Jin.During the period of Southern and Northern Dynasties，there was a man of letters named Jiang Yan.When he was young，Jiang Yan worked hard and could write beautiful poems and essays.However，several years later，his success prevented him from making progress.As a result，his poems and essays were not as good as his earlier ones and people around him said Jiang Lang Cai Jin，which meant Jiang Yan had used up his talent.

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