人教版高中英语语法总结大全(615页)

人教版高中英语语法大全

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第一部分 教材复习

必修1 Unit 1 Friendship

基础巧回顾

见学生用书P001

单词巧练

写准并记牢 重点单词 高考与教材 Ⅰ.高考与单句填空 1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This brief visit with 安；使心烦→upset/upset/upsetting(过去式/过去分Mother Nature cost me two days off 词/现在分词) 2.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视→ignorant adj.无知的 3.grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的→gratefully ad v.感激地 4.settle v. (使)定居；安排；解决→settler n．[C]移from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn. 2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The company eventually settled (settle) in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 3.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Make sure you read 居者；定居者→settlement n．[U]解决；定居；[C]some materials concerning (concern) 协议 poetry of the Tang Dynasty. 5.calm vt.& vi. (使)平静；(使)镇定 adj. 平静的；4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)They feel they can 镇静的；沉着的→calmly ad v.平静地；镇静地 6.concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．[U]关怀；关心；[C]关心的事→concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的→concerning prep.关于；涉及 7.dusty adj.积满灰尘的→dust n．[U]灰尘 8.exactly ad v.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact adj.准确的；确切的 9.entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely ad v. 完全地；全然地；整个地 know you just from the sound of your voice. That's how powerful (power) the telephone is. 5.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It upsets (upset) me to think that you may get annoyed with me. 6.(2017·北京卷)That's exactly (exact) what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country. Ⅱ.教材与单句改错(每题最多2处错10.outdoors ad v.在户外；在野外→(反义词)indoors 误) ad v.在室内→outdoor adj.在户外 1.I would be gratefully if you could give 11.recover vi.& vt. 痊愈；恢复→(熟词生义)重新获me some advices.gratefully→grateful; 得→recovery n．[U]恢复；复苏；康复 12.suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历→suffering advices→advice 2.Your friend comes to school n．[U]苦恼；[C]让人痛苦的事 13.power n．[U]能力；力量；权力→(熟词生义)提供动力→powerful adj.强大的；有力的→(反义词)powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的 14.disagree vi.不同意→(反义词)agree vi.同意→agreement n．[U]同意；[C]协议 15.dislike n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶→(反义词)like vt.喜欢 阅读单词 16.survey n. 调查；测验 17.loose adj. 松的；松开的 18.item n. 项目；条款 19.swap vt. 交换 短语巧练 写准并记牢 1.add up 合计 2.calm down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 3.be concerned about 关心；挂念 upsetting.upsetting→upset 3.You will ignore of the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend.去掉of; friend后加down 4.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hung before very dust windows.hung→hanging; dust→dusty 5.They had to hide or they would be caught by those German.German→Germans 高考与教材 Ⅰ.高考与单句填空 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. 2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are interested, you can 4.go through 经历；经受；完成；仔细检查 also join in paper-cutting. 5.set down 记下；放下；登记 6.a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 7.on purpose 故意地；有目的地 3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. 4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd be very grateful if you 8.in order to 为了……→(同义短语)so as to could take some time to go through my 9.at dusk 在黄昏时刻 10.face to face 面对面地 11.suffer from 遭受；患病 12.be/get tired of 对……厌烦 13.pack (sth.) up 将(东西)装箱打包 14.get along/on with 与……相处；进展 15.join in 参加；加入→(同义短语)take part in 16.fall in love 相爱；爱上 句式仿写 application. Ⅱ.教材与单句改错(每题最多2处错误) 1.Add up to your score and see how many points you get.去掉to 2.I stayed awake in purpose until half past eleven.in→on 3.I don't want to set down series of facts as most people do.series前加a 4.She was suffered from loneliness but she had to learn to like it there.去掉was 原句背诵 1.“while ＋ doing”是状语从句的省略形式 While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在遛狗时，你不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。 2.before引导时间状语从句，意为“过……之后才……” She and her family hid away for nearly twenty－five months before they were discovered. 她与家人躲藏了将近25个月之后才被发现。 3.It is/was ... that ... 强调句型结构 It's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 这是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 4.It/This/That is/was the first time that 我会仿写 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)在店里上夜班时，他让一个无家可归者睡在他的卡车里。 While working overnight in a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck. 2.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)如果你错过这次机会，也许要过很久你才能得到另一次机会。 If you miss this chance, it may be long before you get another one. 3.(2017·天津卷)当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。 It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbours. 全国卷Ⅱ)这是我市第三次举行剪纸sb. has (have)/had done sth. 这/那是某人第4.(2017·一次做某事 It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face. 这是我这一年半来第一次目睹夜晚。 艺术展览。 This is the third time that our city has held the paper－cutting exhibition. 重点全突破

Part 1 重点单词

1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的∥vt. (upset, upset, upsetting) 使不安；使心烦；(熟词生义)打乱；打翻

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①She was upset to know (know) that her application was turned down.

②The other day, all my plans upset by the sudden change of the weather.upset前加were (2)句式升级(按要求升级句式)

I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor, which upsets me.

→③It upsets me that I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor.(it作形式主语) →④What upsets me is that I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor.(what引导主语从句)

后记牢

(1)be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事心烦/难过 be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安/难过 (2)What upsets sb. is ... 让某人心烦的是……

It upsets sb. to do sth./that ... 做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……

苍蝇总是烦他，让他很烦。

2.concern vt. (concerned, concerned, concerning) (使)担忧；涉及；关系到∥n.[U，C]担心；忧虑；[C] (pl. concerns)关心的事

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Others are concerned (concern) about using gardening methods.

②(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)You showed me some photos concerning (concern) environmental protection. ③Those concerned about the accident should be arrested.about→in/with (2)单句写作

④(2017·浙江11月卷满分作文)就我个人而言，你可以通过这些活动更好地了解春节。

As far as I am concerned, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities. 后记牢

concern oneself about/for ... 担忧/关心…… be concerned about/over/for ... 关心；挂念…… be concerned with/in ... 牵扯进/参与…… as/so far as ... be concerned 就……而言

◆提示concerned作“与……有关”讲时，作后置定语；作“焦急的；担忧的”讲时，作前置定语。

health concerns me.就我而言，父母忧心我的学习成绩，而我则担心他们的健康。3.power n．[U]能

力；力量；权利；动力∥ (熟词生义)vt. (powered, powered, powering) 给……提供动力

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·四川卷)There are many powerful (power) people in their life and work. ②Such is a power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.第一个a→the (2)词汇升级(用本单元所学高级词汇升级黑体词汇)

③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)You are so diligent that I'll try my best to help you know more about Tang poems.do all/everything in my power 后记牢

(1)have the power of ...有……的能力 come to/into power 掌权；上台 beyond one's power 某人力所不能及的 do all/everything in one's power to do sth. 竭尽某人的全力做某事

(2)be powered by 由……提供动力；由……供电

◆佳句Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones to success.一旦你对自己掌控恶劣局势的能力感到自信，难题就是你迈向成功的垫脚石。4.recover vi.(recovered, recovered, recovering)复原；恢复健康//vt.重新获得；恢复

先试做 (1)单句填空

①(2016·北京卷)He quickly gave the medicine to the sick children. All of them recovered (recover)． ②A number of stolen cellphones have been recovered (recover) so far. (2)一句多译

感冒后这个男孩很快恢复了健康。

③The boy quickly recovered from his cold. (recover) ④The boy made a quick recovery from his cold.(recovery) 后记牢

(1)recover from ... 从……中恢复 recover oneself 恢复知觉 recover sth. 重新获得/找回某物

(2)make a recovery from ... 从……中恢复

◆佳句It took mum a few minutes to recover herself, and then she was back in control again. 妈妈过了好几分钟才镇静下来，然后又恢复了常态。

5.settle vt.(settled, settled, settling)使定居；安排；解决//vi.安家；定居；停留 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2017·天津卷)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.

②They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee. ③Jack visited Paris and finally settling there. settling→settled (2)单句写作

我解决我和他之间的分歧有点困难。

④I have some trouble in settling the disagreement between him and me. 后记牢

settle sth. 解决某事

settle down 安顿下来；使平静下来

settle down to (doing) sth. 着手/专心于(做)某事 settle in ... 在……居住

settle on/upon sth. 决定/同意某事

◆佳句Kari had already settled herself in a corner where she could watch. 卡丽早已在一个方便观察的角落里舒服地坐下来了。

After settling in the new city, I suffered from a bad cold and felt upset. Fortunately, it was my friend who was concerned about me and did everything in his power to help me. Gradually, I recovered and adapted to the new surroundings, for which I would always be grateful to my friend.

Part 2 短语与句型

1．add up 合计；把……加起来 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added (add) to the language since it was published.

②The teacher asked me if I was ready, adding (add) that everybody was waiting for me. ③His total income was added up to 50,000 yuan last year.去掉was (2)单句写作

(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)另外，参观展览将增加你对中国传统文化的理解。

④In addition/Additionally, visiting the exhibition will add to your understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 后记牢

(1)add up .../add ... up 把……加起来 add up to 加起来等于；总计 add to 增加；增添

add ... to ... 把……加到/进……里 add that ... 补充说…… (2)in addition to 除了……外(还) in addition(＝additionally) 此外；而且

记住：点点滴滴可以聚成大梦想。

2.go through 经历；经受；检查；完成；通过；浏览 先试做

[一词多义]写出下列句中黑体部分的含义

①How does she keep smiling after all she's gone through？经历；经受 ②Her application went through and she was employed.通过 ③We spent days going through all related reference materials.检查 ④With great concentration she went through the movements.完成 后记牢

go through with ... 完成/做完…… break through 突破；突围 get through 完成；通过；打通电话 look through 看穿；识破；浏览 live through 经受住 see through 看穿；识破

◆佳句Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love for his family is important.直到他经历了真正的苦难他才意识到对家人的爱是很重要的。

3.get along/on with 与……相处；进展 先试做 (1)单句改错

①Only those who have a lot in common can get along nicely with. 去掉with ②It's time that I got down to think about my future.think→thinking (2)单句写作

尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但他们彼此相处得很好。

③Though the students came from different countries, they got along quite well with each other. 后记牢

(1)get along/on well/nicely/badly with ... 与……相处融洽/不好；进展好/不好 get along 进展；相处

(2)get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会(to sb.) get away from 离开……；从……脱身 get down to (doing) sth. 着手(做)某事

get over 克服4.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.在遛狗时，你不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。

句型公式 while/when＋doing/done ... 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2017·浙江11月卷)It is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading (read) an interesting piece of literature. ②(2017·北京卷)When not allowed (allow) to sleep, lab rats die within a month. ③If was necessary, you should turn to your parents for help.去掉was (2)句式升级(利用省略句式升级)

(2016·四川卷满分作文)I feel especially pleased while I am walking in the spring rain. →④I feel especially pleased while walking in the spring rain. 后记牢

状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状省略句的条件 语从句中的主语是代词it 省略句的形式 省略从句中的主语和be动词 if possible如果可能的话；if so如果这常见形式 样；if any如果有

get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待升职期间，亨利尽最大努力履行他的职责。

5.I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

句型公式 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...强调句型 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①It is the film producer Zhang Yimou that/who directed Beijing's 8－minute show at the closing ceremony in Pyeong－chang Olympics.

②(2016·上海卷)It is only too much stress that does you harm.

③Was that because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry？第一个that→it ④It was the other day when they knew the secret about Jack's failure.when→that (2)句式升级(利用强调句式升级)

Not until the early 19th century was his musical gift fully recognized.

→⑤It was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 后记牢

It is/was ... that/who ...强调句型 基本句式 一般疑问句 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分 Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分 疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who＋其他部分(若放于特殊疑问句 宾语从句位置应使用陈述语序) not ... until ... 句型的强调句 It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分

6.It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

句型公式 It/This/That is/was the first/second/... time that sb. has (have)/had done sth. “这/那是某人第一次/第二次……做某事”

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①It is the first time that the student has won (win) first prize in such a big competition. ②(2016·四川卷)It was also time for the young panda to be (be) independent. ③There was time when he was so crazy about pop songs.time前加a (2)单句写作

(2017·浙江11月卷满分作文)这是你第一次在中国庆祝春节。 ④It is the first time that you have celebrated the Spring Festival in China. 后记牢

(1)当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。

(2)It is (about/high) time that＋主语＋did (过去式)/should do... 到了某人做……的时候了 (3)It is time (for sb.) to do ... 到了(某人)做……的时候了 (4)It/There was a time when ... 那是/曾有……的时期

◆佳句It was the first time that Chinese martial arts novelist Jin Yong's legends of the Condor Heroes had been published in English.中国武侠小说家金庸的《射雕英雄传》第一次出版英译本。

As this is the first time that I've left home to study in a new school, I have got through many difficulties. While studying in the school, I sometimes get tired. It was my teacher's encouragement that added to my confidence and helped me get along well with my studies.

集训新思路 四 维 夯 基 Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考用法 1．They have invented a new car, which (power) by solar batteries.

答案与解析 is powered 设空在which后的定语从句中作谓语。a new car与power是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填is powered。

2．Consider what are your likes and (dislike) about your job.

答案与解析 dislikes 设空与and前的likes并列，故用名词dislike的复数形式。 3．They could communicate even when they strongly (agree) about the lists.

答案与解析 disagreed 设空处谓语动词与主句谓语could communicate时态一致，应用一般过去时，再由句意可知填disagreed。

4． (teenager) are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. 答案与解析 Teenagers 设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语are damaging可知，可数名词teenager应用复数形式，故填Teenagers。

5．This is one of the (item) in the agreement.

答案与解析 items one of＋名词复数，意为“……之一”，故可数名词item用复数形式。

6．It was not until the area was seriously polluted they realized that it was time (take) action.

答案与解析 that; to take 第一空考查It was not until ... that ...强调句型结构，强调until引导的状语从句，故第一空填that。第二空考查It was time to do sth.“是做某事的时间了”，故填to take。

7．It is no pleasure (stay) at home doing homework all day.

答案与解析 staying It is no pleasure doing sth.“做某事没有乐趣”，故stay应用－ing形式。 8．He was asked to set the facts just as he remembered them.

答案与解析 down 根据语境“他被要求把事实都记下来”可知，此处用set down表“写下；记下”，故填down。

9．Steve happened (notice) her while she was cheating in the exam. 答案与解析 to notice happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”，固定搭配。 10．John is crazy football and he plays football all day.

答案与解析 about be crazy about ...“对……着迷”，固定搭配。 Ⅱ.用括号内动词的正确形式填空——不规则变化

1．I (swap) my concert ticket for her film ticket yesterday.

答案与解析 swapped 设空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语yesterday，可知谓语动词用一般过去时。swap(交换)—swapped—swapped—swapping。 2．Harry (hide) under the bed until they had gone.

答案与解析 hid 根据语境可知，此处指“亨利藏在床下一直到他们走了”，从句谓语用过去完成时，故主句用一般过去时。hide(藏)—hid—hidden—hiding。 3．You'd better keep your information (hide) from strangers.

答案与解析 hidden 设空在句中作宾补，hide与宾语your information是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填hidden。

4．Last year, a painting of Van Gogh (hang) on the wall.

答案与解析 hung 根据句中时间状语Last year可知，设空处作谓语应用一般过去时，故填hung。hang(悬挂)—hung—hung—hanging。hang(吊死；绞死)—hanged—hanged—hanging。 5．He (go) through all his money in the past weeks.

答案与解析 has gone 根据句中时间状语in the past weeks可知，设空处谓语用现在完成时，故填has gone。go through“经历；用完”。go(走；消失；进展；变得)—went—gone—going。

6．She (tip) the vase on purpose the other day.

答案与解析 tipped 根据句中时间状语the other day(几天前)可知，设空处作谓语用一般过去时，故填tipped。tip(翻倒)—tipped—tipped—tipping。

7．He stood up suddenly, (upset) a cup of milk on my coat.

答案与解析 upsetting 设空在句中作结果状语，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词，故填upsetting。upset(打翻)—upset—upset—upsetting。 8．The moment I saw the beautiful garden, I (fall) in love with it.

答案与解析 fell 根据从句谓语saw可知，主句用一般过去时，故填fell。fall in love with ...“爱

上……”。fall(落下；下降；降临；变成)—fell—fallen—falling。 Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错混用

1．Concerning about his sick wife, he hurried home immediately after the meeting. 答案与解析 Concerning→Concerned be concerned about ...“担心/关心……”，在句中作状语应用过去分词，故Concerning改为Concerned。

2．She likes watching TV, but dislikes walk the dog. 答案与解析 walk→walking dislike doing sth.“不喜欢做某事”，故walk改为walking。 3．Don't panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly. 答案与解析 calmly→calm 此处与quiet并列作remain的表语，remain calm“保持平静”，故calmly改为calm。

4．The car suffered from severe damage in the accident. 答案与解析 去掉from suffer damage“遭受损害”，from多余，故去掉。 5．I'm grateful of you for your help.

答案与解析 of→to be grateful to sb. for sth.“因某事感激某人”。 6．I am having some trouble in my classmates at the moment.

答案与解析 in→with have trouble with sb./sth.“与某人/事有麻烦/问题”；have＋trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，故in改为with。

7．We need to get to the root of the problem after we can solve it. 答案与解析 after→before 根据语境“我们需要在解决问题之前先找到它的根源”可知，应用before引导时间状语从句，表“……之前”。

8．I still find hard to make good friends with them. 答案与解析 find后加it 此处为“find it＋adj.＋to do”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。

9．Roy really wants to meet his favourite pop star face with face. 答案与解析 with→to face to face“面对面”。

10．Having got tiring of staying indoors for days, we are longing to go out and relax ourselves. 答案与解析 tiring→tired get tired of sth./doing sth.“厌倦(做)某事”。 Ⅳ.根据语境选出画线部分的正确含义——熟词生义 A．supplied with power B．fired C．find

1．Police have so far failed to recover the stolen jewellery. C 2．The car which is powered by solar batteries sells well. A ————

小题补练 ————

语法填空

When we arrived at Prinsengracht, we went quickly upstairs and into the 1. (hide) place. We closed the door behind us and we were alone. Margot had come 2. (fast) on her bike than us and was already waiting 3. us. There were 4. (box) on the floor and the beds, making the rooms in a mess. In order 5. (sleep) in comfortable beds that night, we had got to start clearing up at once. Mummy and Margot were not able to help. They were tired and 6. (lie) down on their beds. However, it was Daddy and I, the two helpers of the family 7. got down to working at once.

The whole day we 8. (unpack) cases, filled the cupboards and tidied, until we got extremely tired. We did sleep in clean beds that night, but hadn't had any warm food to eat all day. Mummy and Margot were too tired and worried to eat, so 9. went to sleep without 10. (eat) anything. 答案与解析

1．hiding 考查非谓语动词。设空处所填词在句中作定语，修饰名词place，说明被修饰名词place的功能、作用和目的，应用动名词，故填hiding。a hiding place“藏身之处”。a hidden message/information“隐含之意/暗含的信息”。

2．faster 考查比较等级。根据设空后的比较级提示词than可知，该空应用形容词比较级。 3．for 考查动词短语。wait for sb.“等待某人”。

4．boxes 考查名词的数。根据句中谓语动词were可知，该空应填复数名词。 5．to sleep 考查非谓语动词。in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。

6．lay 考查时态。设空处所填谓语动词与and前的谓语were tired时态一致，故用一般过去时，填过去式lay。lie(躺)—lay—lain—lying。

7．that/who 考查强调句式。该处是强调句式结构，强调主语Daddy and I，故用that/who引导强调句式。

8．unpacked 考查时态。设空处所填谓语与该句中的filled和tidied时态一致，应用一般过去时，故填unpacked。

9．they 考查代词。设空处所填词在句中作主语，且指代设空前的Mummy and Margot，故填人称代词they。

10．eating 考查非谓语动词。设空前是介词without，故该空填动名词。without doing sth.“在没有做某事的情况下”。

写 作 提 能 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文

假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Amy来信说她每逢重要考试都会倍感焦虑。请你给她写封回信，内容包括：

①表示理解并给予安慰；②提出具体建议。

(一)根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文(无提示处请填写适当的过渡衔接词汇：first of all、in addition、finally)

Dear Amy，

?Hearing that you feel nervous whenever you're taking any important exam, I am worried. Many teenagers have such bad times, so ①don't be upset about it (不要为此烦恼). ②I'd like to offer you some useful tips (我想给你提一些有用的建议)．

③First of all, it's important to have a right attitude to exams. They help you check ④how you are getting along with your studies (你的学习进展情况如何). If you study hard and make careful plans for every exam, ⑤you will have no difficulty studying (你学习不会有困难). ⑥In addition, ?getting enough sleep can make you energetic. ⑦Finally, you can ⑧join in some outdoor activities (参加一些户外活动) to keep yourself relaxed before an exam.

I hope you will find my suggestions helpful. Yours， Li Hua

(二)按要求升级词汇和句式

1．用本单元所学词汇升级加波浪线词汇 worried→concerned 2．按要求升级句式

(1)用状语从句的省略形式升级句?

Hearing that you feel nervous whenever taking any important exam, I am worried. (2)利用强调句式升级句?

it is getting enough sleep that can make you energetic Unit 2 English around the world

基础巧回顾

见学生用书P007

单词巧练

写准并记牢 重点单词 1.request n．& vt.请求；要求 高考与教材 Ⅰ.高考与单句填空 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)As you know, 2.straight ad v.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔paper－cutting is recognized 直的 3.command n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握→commander n．[C]指挥官 4.base vt.以……为根据 n．[C]基部；基地；基础→basic adj. 基本的；基础的→basically ad v.基本上；大体上 5.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认→recognition n．[U]辨认；认出 (recognize) as one of traditional Chinese cultures. 2.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be officially (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 3.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)I was delighted at the presence (present) of such a student. 4.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Actually (actual), 6.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually I'm going to meet with Professor ad v.逐渐地；逐步地 Smith at ten past two. 7.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后5.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Food in small 者的→latest adj.最新的；最近的→later ad v.后来 adj.后期的→lately ad v.近来；最近 pieces could be eaten easily with twigs (树枝) which gradually (gradual) turned into chopsticks. 8.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently ad Ⅱ.教材与单句改错(每题最多2处错误) v.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．[U]流畅 1.Although many Americans move a 9.frequent adj.频繁的；常见的lot, but they still recognized and →frequently ad v.常常；频繁地understand each other's dialects.去→frequency n．[U]频率；频繁 掉but; recognized→recognize 10.expression n．[C]词语；[U]表示；表达2.When people use words and →express vt.表达；表示 expression different from the 11.actually ad v.实际上；事实上→actual standard language, it is called a adj.实际的；真实的 dialect.expression→expressions 12.official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 3.India has a large number of n．[C]官员→officially ad v.官方地；正式fluently English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 地 1947.fluently→fluent 阅读单词 13.vocabulary n．词汇；词汇量；词表 14.native adj.本国的；本地的 n．本地人；本国人 15.voyage n．航行；航海 短语巧练 写准并记牢 高考与教材 Ⅰ.高考与单句填空 1.more than 超过；非常；不只是；不仅是 2.come up 走近；上来；提出 3.be based on 以……为基础 4.believe it or not 信不信由你 5.play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与 6.because of 因为；由于 7.the number of ……的数量 8.at present 现在；目前 9.make use of 利用；使用 10.even if 即使；尽管 11.such as 例如……；像……那样的 句式仿写 原句背诵 1.even if＝even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 我会仿写 1.(2016·北京卷)尽管九十多岁了，爷爷仍旧偶尔打网球。 My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even if he's in his 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm more than happy to invite you to visit the exhibition. 2.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)You should make use of these materials to understand the background of the poems. 3.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The Tang Poetry plays an important part in Chinese literature. Ⅱ.教材与单句改错(每题最多2处错误) 1.It was basing more on German than the English we speak at the present.basing→based; 去掉第二个the 2.And because that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.because后加of 3.The number of people learning English in China are increasing rapidly.are→is 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的英语不尽nineties. 相同，也可以相互理解。 2.more ... than ... “与其说……倒不如说……” It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 2.在我看来，他有勇无谋。 As far as I'm concerned, he was more brave than wise. 3.事实上，在这一带没有你描当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今述的那种车。 天所说的英语。 3.there is no such ... “没有这样的……” Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 In fact, there is no such car as you describe in the neighborhood. 重点全突破

见学生用书P008

Part 1 重点单词

1.base vt. (based, based, basing) 以……为根据∥n.[C](pl. bases) 基部；基地；基础 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①The movie, based (base) on a real-life incident, turned out to be a success.

②Based an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.Based→Basing (2)一句多译

根据这些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。

③On the basis of the facts, we can reach these conclusions.(basis) ④Based on/upon the facts, we can reach these conclusions.(base) 后记牢

(1)base ... on/upon .../be based on/upon ... 以……为基础/依据

(2)on the basis of ... 根据……；在……的基础上 (3)basically adv. 基本上；大体上

◆佳句 Critics say these programmes are basically bad, but people still watch them.评论者说这些节目总的来说是不好的，可人们还在看。

2.command n. ①[C](pl. commands) 命令 ②[U] (常用单数)掌握∥vt. (commanded, commanded, commanding) 命令；指挥；支配；获得；赢得

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①I'm at your command—what would you like me to do? ②The police arrived and took command of the situation. ③The commander commanded the work stopped.stopped前加be (2)补全句子/句式升级

④Besides, I have such a good command of English/have so good a command of English(如此精通英语)that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.

⑤(用倒装句升级练习④)Besides, such a good command of English do I have/so good a command of English do I have that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 后记牢

(1)at sb.'s command 听某人支配 be in command of 掌握；控制 take command of 控制

have a good command of 掌握；精通 (2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that ... (should) do sth. 命令…… 做某事

◆佳句His bravery in the rescue commanded our respect.他在援救中的勇敢赢得了我们的尊重。 3.request n．[C] 请求；要求∥vt. (requested, requested, requesting) 请求；要求 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①All members are requested (request) to attend the meeting tomorrow. ②Our request is that the performer (should) play (play) in public again. ③They arrived there under the teacher's request.under→at ④It's requested that all the articles is related to students' life.is→be (2)一句多译

老师要求我们为考试做好充分的准备。

⑤Our teacher made a request that we (should) be well prepared for the exam. ⑥Our teacher requested that we (should) be well prepared for the exam. ⑦Our teacher requested us to be well prepared for the exam. 后记牢

(使)毁坏；成为废墟

先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·北京卷)When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood in ruins (ruin)．

②She found that all her furniture had been ruined (ruin) by the flood.

③If you're addicted to playing computer games, you'll ruin you.最后一个you→yourself (2)一句多译

他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。

④He made a mistake, which ruined his chance of going abroad.(定语从句) ⑤He made a mistake, ruining his chance of going abroad.(分词作状语) 后记牢

(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟

(2)ruin sth./sb./oneself 毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己 be ruined by ... 被……毁坏/破坏 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途

◆佳句My shoes got ruined in the rain. 我的鞋子被雨水糟蹋了。

3.injure vt.(injured, injured, injuring) 损害；伤害 injury n．[C](pl. injuries) 损害；伤害 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①In the accident, many people got injured, some of whom suffered from some injuries. Fortunately, the injured were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure) ②While playing football the other day, he injured (injure) his leg.

③My left foot was seriously injuring, so I can't go with you as planned.injuring→injured (2)句式升级(用with结构升级练习③改后的正确句子)

→④With my left foot seriously injured, I can't go with you as planned. 后记牢

(1)injure sth./sb. 使某物/某人受伤 be/get seriously injured 受重伤 (2)the injured 伤员

(3)do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人

◆佳句(2016·天津卷)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn't been wearing one, I would have been injured.我系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。

4.bury vt. (buried, buried, burying) 掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①You'll never solve your problems if you just bury your head in the sand. ②Ever since he graduated, he has been buried (bury) in his work.

③I wandered into the dining room and found you burying in piles of books.burying→buried或burying后加yourself

(2)句式升级

He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.

→④He sat at a wooden table, buried in reading.(过去分词短语作状语) →⑤He sat at a wooden table, burying himself in reading.(现在分词短语作状语) 后记牢

(1)bury ... in ... 把……埋到……里； 使……沉浸于……

??

?

bury oneself in??

be buried in

埋头于；专心于

(2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面

◆佳句He sank into a chair, burying his face in his hands. 他双手掩面跌坐在椅子中。

5.judge n. [C](pl. judges) 裁判员；法官∥vt. (judged, judged, judging) 断定；判断；判决 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①If he had played a part in the film, he would have been judged (judge) to be the best actor this year.

②Judged from the story, we can conclude that we can't judge a book from its cover.Judged→Judging (2)单句写作

(2017·江苏卷)我认为，电影市场在不久的将来会低迷。

③As far as I can judge, the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future. 后记牢

(1)judge ...from/by ... 从……判断…… as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 (2)judging by/from ... 从……判断 (3)make a judgement on/about ... 对……作出评价

◆佳句(牛津词典)He refused to make a judgement about the situation. 他拒绝对这个形势作出评价。

The tourists were enjoying themselves when the pipes burst and the electricity was cut off. Everywhere they looked, nearly everything was destroyed. Some people were injured; some were buried in the ruins. Though the situation was frightening, I could judge that many people were trying to rescue those trapped under the buildings.

Part 2 短语与句型 1．at an end结束；终结 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2017·天津卷)Driverless cars may end up being (be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.

②They had achieved (achieve) their plan by the end of last month. ③The meeting came to an end and he set down a number of key points. ④Go straight and you'll find the hospital in the end of the road.in→at ⑤He got rapid promotion, and ended up a manager.up后加as (2)词汇升级(用本单元所学高级词汇升级黑体词汇)

⑥The speech contest finished was at an end. Thankfully, I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off finally in the end. 后记牢

(1)in the end 最后；终于

at the end of 在……尽头

by the end of 到……末为止(常与完成时态连用) (2)put an end to .../put/bring ... to an end 结束……

come to an end 完成；结束 (3)end up with 以……结束 end up as 最终成为 end up doing 最终做某事

end in 以……为结果；以……告终

◆佳句Even a successful inventor makes many experiments that end in failure. 即使是成功的发明家也有很多以失败告终的实验。 2.a (great) number of许多；大量的 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①Now a great many college graduates are (be) seeking for a high－paid job. But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post. ②The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped (drop) by 17 percent in just one year.

③A great deal of money was donated (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.

④Large quantities of water has been piped to the dry area since last year.has→have ⑤Large amounts of money is spent on advertisements every year.is→are (2)单句写作

众多有才华的人有待于被发现。

⑥There are a great many/a great number of talented people waiting to be discovered. 后记牢

(1)the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语

?2?a great/large number of a great/good many quite a few

?

?＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语 ?

(3)a great deal of/a large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语

(4)plenty of/large quantities of/a large quantity of ＋不可数名词/复数名词 (5)many a(n)/more than one＋单数可数名词＋单数谓语

◆提示 “large quantities/amounts of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“a large quantity/amount of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。

◆佳句There is plenty of time to change your mind.你有足够的时间改变主意。

只用于肯定句

3.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 好像世界末日到了！

句型公式 It seemed (to sb.) that/as if/as though ...“(对某人来说)似乎……” 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·上海卷)The kids looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother. ②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done (do) it? ③Don't handle the vase as if it is made of steel.is→were

④The old man was lying on the ground as if hurting badly.hurting→hurt (2)句式升级(用省略句升级)

She stood there as if she was waiting for someone. →⑤She stood there as if waiting for someone. 后记牢

(1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气。 (2)如果从句所陈述情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气。 与现在事实相反：did/were 与过去事实相反：had done

与将来事实相反：would/could ...＋do

(3)如as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词。

◆佳句(朗文词典)You look as if you've had a good time.你看起来好像玩得很开心。 4.All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 句型公式 all ... not ...＝not all ... “并非所有的……都……” 先试做

(1)单句填空/单句改错

①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.

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