英语六级(2024年6月)真题及答案(第一套)

英语六级（2014.6）第一套

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once, After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1． A． They might be fake products． B． They might be stolen goods．

C． They might be faulty products． D． They might be smuggled goods．

2． A． They are news reporters． B． They are job applicants．

C． They are civil servants． D． They are public speakers．

3．A． The man went to change the time of his computer class． B．A computer degree is a must for administrative work． C． The woman wants to get a degree in administration． D． The man has decided to quit his computer class． 4． A． It was sponsored by a car manufacturer． B． It was not as exciting as he had expected． C． The fifth contestant won the biggest prize． D． A lot of contestants participated in the show． 5． A． Reading a newspaper column． B． Waiting for someone at the airport． C． Driving from New York to Boston． D． Looking at a railway timetable．

6． A． He wears a coat bought in the mall． B． He got a new job at the barbershop． C． He had his hair cut yesterday． D． He had a finger hurt last night．

7． A． Some drawings by kindergarten kids are excellent． B． He is not quite impressed with modem paintings． C． Even his nephew can draw as well as Picasso． D． He cannot appreciate the Picasso exhibition．

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8． A． He has long been involved in student government． B． His attitude to student government has changed． C． His conduct does not square with his words． D． He should not put the cart before the horse．

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 9．A． Something went wrong with her car． B． She left her own ear in Manchester． C． Her car won't be back in a week's time．

D． She Wants to go traveling on the weekend． 10．A．Safety． B． Comfort． C． Cost． D． Size．

11． A．Value-added tax． B． Third-party insurance．

C． Petrol． D． CDW．

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 12．A． How to attract investments． B． Where to locate their plant．

C． What to do to enhance their position． D． How to update the basic facilities． 13．A． Their basic facilities are good． B． They are very close to each other．

C． They are all located in the south of France．

D． Their road link to other European countries is fast． 14．A． Conduct field surveys first． B． Take advantage of the train links． C． Talk with the local authorities．

D． Try to avoid making a hasty decision． 15．A． Future product distributions． B． Road and rail links for small towns． C． Local employment policies．

D． Skilled workforce in the hilly region． Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages． At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions． Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once． After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four Choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）． Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre． 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based On the passage you have just heard．

16．A． One fifth of them were on bed terms with their sisters and brothers． B． More than half of them were involved in inheritance disputes．

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C． About one eighth of them admitted to lingering bitter feelings． D． Most of them had broken with their sisters and brothers． 17．A． Advance in age． B． Freedom from work．

C． Less concern with money matters． D． More experience in worldly affairs．

18． A． They are more tolerant of one another． B． They find close relatives more reliable．

C． They have little time left to renew contact with their brothers and sisters． D． They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs． Passage Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard． 19．A． They can only survive in parts of the Americas． B． They have bright colors and intricate patterns．

C． They are the only insect that migrates along fixed routes． D． They have strong wings capable of flying long distances． 20．A． In a Michigan mountain forest． B． In a Louisiana mountain forest．

C． In a Mexican mountain forest． D． In a Kentucky mountain forest．

21．A． Only the strongest can reach their destination to lay eggs． B． Each generation in a cycle lays eggs at a different place C．They start to lay eggs when they are nine months old． D． Each flock of butterflies lays eggs in the same states．

22． A． Environmental impacts on monarch butterfly life． B． Migration patterns of monarch butterflies． C． Living habits of monarch butterflies． D． Evolution of monarch butterflies． Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard． 23． A． Time is relative． B． Time is money．

C． Time has become more precious． D． Time has become more limited．

24． A． More and more Americans feel pressed for time nowadays． B． The number of hours Americans work has increased steadily． C． Americans today have more free time than earlier generations． D． Americans now attach more important to the effective use of time． 25． A． Our interpersonal relationships improve． B． Our living habits are altered．

C． Our work efficiency increases greatly． D． Our behavior is changed． Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage．three times． When the passage is read for

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the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea． When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard． Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written． 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

The first copyright law in the United States was passed by Congress in 1790．In 1976 Congress enacted the latest copyright law, (26) the technological developments that had occurred Since the passage of the Copyright Act of 1909． For example, in 1909, anyone who wanted to make

a single copy of a (27) work for personal use had to do so by hand． The very process (28) a limitation on the quantity of materials copied． Today, a photocopier can do the work in seconds; the limitation has disappeared． The 1909 law did not provide full protection for films and sound

recordings, nor did it(29) the need to protect radio and television． As a result, (30) of the law and abuses of the intent of the law have lessened the (31) rewards of authors, artists and producers． The 1976 Copyright Act has not prevented these abuses fully, but it has clarified the legal rights of the injured parties and given them an (32) for remedy． Since 1976 the Act has been (33) to include computer software, and guidelines have been adopted for fair use of television broadcasts． These changes have cleared up much of the confusion and conflict that followed (34) the 1976 legislation． The fine points of the law are decided by the courts and by acceptable common practice over time．As these decisions and agreements are made, we modify our behavior accordingly． For now, we need to(35) the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner． Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes． Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks． You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage． Read the passage through carefully before making your choices． Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter． Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre． You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once． Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage．

Fear can be an effective way to change behavior． One study compared the effects of high, fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene(卫生)．One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of(36) teeth and diseased gums；another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth，charts，and graphs．Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater

(37) to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did． But were these reactions actually(38) into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question，subjects were called back to the laboratory on two(39) (five days and six weeks after the experiment．．They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct(40) of how well they were really taking care of their teeth．The result showed that the high．fear appeal did actually result in greater and more(41) changes in dental hygiene．That is，the subjects(42) to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more(43) than did those who saw low-fear warnings． However, to be all effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given(44) guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear．If this isn’t done，they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the

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(45) of the communicator．If that happens，it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur．

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A．accustomed B．carefully C．cautiously D．concrete E．credibility F．decayed G．desire

H．dimensions I．eligible J．exposed K．indication L．occasions M．permanent N．sensitivity O．translated Section B

Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2． The Street-Level Solution

A．When l was growing up，one of my father’s favorite sayings(borrowed from the humorist Will Rogers) was：“It isn’t what we don’t know that causes the trouble；it’s what we think we know that just ain’t so．” One of the main insights to be taken from the 100，000 Homes Campaign and its strategy to end chronic homelessness is that, until recently, our society thought it understood the nature of homelessness，but it didn’t．

B． That led to a series of mistaken assumptions about why people become homeless and what they need．Many of the errors in our homelessness policies have stemmed from the conception that the homeless are a homogeneous group．It’s only in the past 1．5 years that organizations like Common Ground，and others．have taken a street-level view of the problem—distinguishing the \homeless”from the“chronically homeless”in order to understand their needs at an individual level．This is why we can now envisage a different approach——and get better results．

C．Most readers expressed support for the effort，although a number were skeptical，and a few utterly dismissive．about the chances of long．term homeless people adapting well to housing．This is to be expected；it’s hard to imagine what we haven’t yet seen．As Niccolo Machiavelli wrote in The Prince．one of the major obstacles in any effort to advance systemic change is the“incredulity of men．”which is to say that people“do not readily believe in new things until they have had a long experience of them．”Most of us have witnessed homeless people on the streets for decades．Few have seen formerly homeless people after they have been housed successfully．We don’t have reference points for that story．So we generalize from what we know--or think．we know．

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D．But that can be misleading，even to experts．When I asked Rosanne Haggerty, founder of Common Ground，which currently operates 2，3 1 0 units of supportive housing(with 552 more under construction),what had been her biggest surprise in this work, she replied：“Fifteen years ago, I would not have believed that people who had been so broken and stuck in homelessness could thrive to the degree that they do in our buildings．\And Becky Kanis, the campaign's director, commented: \is this sense in our minds that someone who's on the streets is almost in their DNA different from someone who has a house．The campaign is creating a first-hand experience for many people that that is really not the case．\

E． One of the startling realizations that I had while researching this column is that anybody could become like a homeless person--all it takes is a traumatic (创伤的) brain injury． A bicycle fall, a car accident, a slip on the ice, or if you're a soldier, a head wound--and your life could become unrecognizable．James O'Connell, a doctor who has been treating the most vulnerable homeless people on the streets of Boston for 25 years, estimates that 40 percent of the long-term homeless people he's met had such a brain injury． \became homeless,\he said． \became unpredictable． They'd have mood swings, fits of explosive behavior． They couldn't hold onto their jobs． Drinking made them feel better． They'd end up on the streets．\

F． Once homeless people return to housing, they're in a much better position to rebuild their lives． But it's important to note that housing alone is not enough． As with many complex social problems, when you get through the initial crisis, you have another problem to solve which is no less challenging． But it is a better problem．

G． Over the past decade, O'Connell has seen this happen． \or in the hospital and the other half making house calls to people who lived for years on the streets,\． \if putting someone in housing is the answer to addressing all of their problems． It's the first step．\

H． Once in housing, formerly homeless people can become isolated and lonely． If they've lived on the streets for years, they may have acquired a certain standing as well as a sense of pride in their survival skills． Now indoors, those aspects of their identity may be stripped away． Many also experience a profound disorientation at the outset． \months, you kind of lose your bearings,\says Haggerty． \becomes not about overcoming homelessness but about finding food, begging, looking for a job to survive another day． The whole process of how you define stability gets reordered．\

I． Many need regular, if not continuous, support with mental health problems, addictions and illnesses--and, equally important, assistance in the day-to-day challenges of life, reacquainting with family, building relationships with neighbors, finding enjoyable activities or work, managing finances, and learning how to eat healthy food．

J． For some people, the best solution is to live in a communal (集体) residence, with special sevices．This isn't available everywhere, however． In Boston, for example, homeless people tend to be scattered in apartments throughout the city．

K． Common Ground's large residences in New York offer insight into the possibilities for change when homeless people have a rich array of supports． In addition to more traditional social services, residents also make use of communal gardens, classes in things like cooking, yoga, theatre and photography, and job placement． Last year, 188 formerly homeless tenants in four of Common Ground's

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residences, found jobs． L．Because the properties have many services and are well-managed, Haggerty has found post-housing problems to be surprisingly rare． In the past 10 years, there have been only a handful of incidents of quarrels between tenants． There is very little graffiti (涂鸦) or vandalism (破坏) And the turnover is almost negligible． In the Prince George Hotel in New York, which is home to 208 formerly homeless people and 208 low-income tenants, the average length of tenancy is close to seven years． (All residents pay 30 percent of their income for rent; for the formerly homeless, this comes out of their government Benefits)． When people move on, it is usually because they've found a preferable apartment．

M． \Haggerty． \formed a gardening committee． They want a terrace on the roof． Those are things I didn't count on．\that's true of every New Yorker,\． \building． Our tenants look like anyone else．\

N． As I mentioned, homelessness is a catch-all for a variety of problems． A number of readers asked whether the campaign will address family homelessness, which has different causes and requires a different solution． I've been following some of the promising ideas emerging to address and prevent family homelessness． Later in 2011, I'll explore these ideas in a column． For now, I'll conclude with an update on the 100,000 Homes Campaign． Since Tuesday, New Orleans and a few other communities have reported new results． The current count of people housed is 7,043． 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46． Tenants in Common Ground's residences all want more room for storage． 47． Homes Campaign provides first-hand proof that the homeless are not what they were once believed to be．

48． Common Ground's residences are well-managed and by and large peaceful． 49． Housing the homeless is only the first step to solving all their problems． 50． A large percent of the chronically homeless have suffered from brain injury．

51． After being housed many homeless people become confused at first as to how to deal with life off the street．

52． Some people think the best way to help the homeless is to provide them with communal housing． 53． The homeless with health problems should be given regular support in their daily lives． 54． Until recently American society has failed to see what homelessness is all about． 55． Many formerly homeless tenants in New York's Common Ground's residences got hired． Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements． For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre． Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage．

Technology can make us smarter or stupider, and we need to develop a set of principles to guide our everyday behavior and make sure that tech is improving and not hindering our mental processes． One of the big questions being debated today is: What kind of information do we need to have stored in our heads, and what kind can we leave \the cloud,\to be accessed as necessary?

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An increasingly powerful group within education are championing \． In their view, skills beat knowledge, developing \content, and all facts are now Google-able and therefore unworthy of committing to memory． But even the most sophisticated digital literacy skills won't help students and workers navigate the world if they don't have a broad base of knowledge about how the world actually operates． If you focus on the delivery mechanism and not the content, you're doing kids a disservice． Indeed, evidence from cognitive science challenges the notion that skills can exist independent of factual knowledge． Data from the last thirty years leads to a conclusion that is not scientifically

challengeable: thinking well requires knowing facts, and that's true not only because you need something to think about． The very processes that teachers care about most--critical thinking processes—are intimately interwined (交织) with factual knowledge that is stored in long-term memory．

In other words, just because you can Google the date of Black Tuesday doesn't mean you understand why the Great Depression happened or how it compares to our recent economic slump． There is no doubt that the students of today, and the workers of tomorrow, will need to innovate, collaborate and evaluate．But such skills can't be separated from the knowledge that gives rise to them． To innovate, you have to know what came before． To collaborate, you have to contribute knowledge to the joint venture． And to evaluate, you have to compare new information against knowledge you've already mastered．

So here's a principle for thinking in a digital world, in two parts． First, acquire a base of factual

knowledge in any domain in which you want to perform well． This base supplies the essential foundation for building skills, and it can't be outsourced (外包) to a search engine．

Second, take advantage of computers' invariable memory, but also the brain's elaborative memory．Computers are great when you want to store information that shouldn't change． But brains are the superior choice when you want information to change, in interesting and useful ways: to connect up with other facts and ideas, to acquire successive layers of meaning, to steep for a while in your accumulated knowledge and experience and so produce a richer mental brew． 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56． What is the author's concern about the use of technology? A． It may leave knowledge \． B． It may misguide our everyday behavior．

C． It may cause a divide in the circles of education． D． It may hinder the development of thinking skills．

57． What is the view of educators who advocate digital literacy? A． It helps kids to navigate the virtual world at will． B． It helps kids to broaden their scope of knowledge． C． It increases kid's efficiency of acquiring knowledge． D． It liberates kids from the burden of memorizing facts． 58． What does evidence from cognitive science show? A． Knowledge is better kept in long-term memory． B． Critical thinking is based on factual knowledge． C． Study skills are essential to knowledge acquisition．

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D． Critical thinking means challenging existing facts．

59． What does the author think is key to making evaluations? A． Gathering enough evidence before drawing conclusions． B． Mastering the basic roles and principles for evaluation． C． Connecting new information with one's accumulated knowledge． D． Understanding both what has happened and why it has happened． 60． What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? A． To warn against learning through memorizing facts． B． To promote educational reform in the information age． C． To explain human brains' function in storing information． D． To challenge the prevailing overemphasis on digital literacy． Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage．

America's recent history has been a persistent tilt to the West--of people, ideas, commerce and even political power． California and Texas are the twin poles of the West, but very different ones． For most of the 20th century the home of Silicon Valley and Hollywood has been the brainier and trendier of the two．Texas has trailed behind: its stereotype has been a conservative Christian in cowboy boots． But twins can change places． Is that happening now?

It is easy to find evidence that California is in a panic． At the start of this month the once golden state started paying creditors in IOUs (欠条)． The gap between projected outgoings and income for the current fiscal (财政的) year has leapt to horrible $26 billion． With no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, one credit agency has already downgraded California's debt． As budgets are cut, universities will let in fewer students, prisoners will be released early and schemes to protect the vulnerable will be rolled back．

By contrast, Texas has coped well with the recession, with an unemployment rate two points below the national average and one of the lowest rates of housing repossession． In part this is because Texan banks, hard hit in the last property bust, did not overexpand this time． Texas also clearly offers a different model, based on small government． It has no state capital-gains or income tax, and a business-friendly and immigrant-tolerant attitude． It is home to more Fortune 500 companies than any other state．

Despite all this, it still seems too early to hand over America's future to Texas． To begin with, that lean Texan model has its own problems． It has not invested enough in education, and many experts rightly worry about a \generation\of mostly Hispanic Texans with insufficient skills for the demands of the knowledge economy． Second, it has never paid to bet against a state with as many inventive people as California． Even if Hollywood has gone into depression, it still boasts an unequalled array of sunrise industries and the most brisk venture-capital industry on the planet． The state also has an awesome ability to reinvent itself--as it did when its defence industry collapsed at the end of the cold war． The truth is that both states could learn from each other． Texas still lacks California's great universities and lags in terms of culture． California could adopt not just Texas's leaner state, but also its more bipartisan(两党的)approach to politics． There is no perfect model of government: it is America's genius to have 50 public-policy laboratories competing to find out what works best．

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

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61． What does the author say about California and Texas in Paragraph 1? A． They have been competing for the leading position． B． California has been superior to Texas in many ways． C． They are both models of development for other states． D． Texas's cowboy culture is less known than California's． 62． What does the author say about today's California? A． Its debts are pushing it into bankruptcy． B． Its budgets have been cut by $26 billion． C． It is faced with a serious financial crisis． D． It is trying hard to protect the vulnerable． 63． In what way is Texas different from California? A． It practices small government．

B． It is home to traditional industries． C． It has a large Hispanic population． D． It has an enviable welfare system． 64． What problem is Texas confronted with?

A． Its Hispanic population is mostly illiterate． B． Its sunrise industries are shrinking rapidly．

C． Its education cannot meet the needs of the knowledge economy． D． Its immigrants have a hard time adapting to its cowboy culture． 65． What do we learn about American politics from the passage? A． Each state has its own way of governing． B． Most states favor a bipartisan approach．

C． Parties collaborate in drawing public policies． D． All states believe in government for the people．

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes．

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2． answer on

中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(Oxford)英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题(一)解析

Part I Writing 写作导航

范文与译文

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提分增彩词汇

1．acknowledged adj．普遍认可的 2．get on with．．．与??相处 3．beneficial adj．有益的 4．reveal v．揭示 5．characters n．品质 6．outside n．外表

7．undoubtedly adv．肯定 8．competent adj．有才能的 9．plastic surgery整容手术 10．complex adj．复杂的

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

1． M: Look at these low prices at these fashionable TV sets． Something is fishy, don't you think so?

W: Well, there have been a lot of robberies recently． Some of the stolen goods may have landed here．

Q: What does the woman imply about the low price television sets?

2． M: I've been assigned to cover the governess speech today． What about you?

W: Nothing is grand as yours． I have to do an interview for the evening news about a man with

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dozens of cats．

Q: What do we learn about the speakers?

3． W: Didn't I see you going into the administration building this afternoon? M: I needed to switch my computer class to the 9:50 section． Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

4． W: I guess you watch the quiz show on television last night． What did you think about it? M: Well, it's great． The first four contestants won only small prizes, but the fifth left with a new luxury car．

Q: What does the man say about the quiz show?

5． W: I can't find the arrival time of the New York to Boston Express on this schedule． M: Look for New York in the left-hand column and follow it across until you find the hour listed in the Boston column．

Q: What are the speakers most probably doing?

6． W: You look different today, but I can't quite put my finger on what it is． M: Oh． yesterday I finally got around to that new barbershop in the mall and enjoyed their services． Q: What can be inferred about the man?

7． W: What do you think Picasso's painting exhibited in the city museum?

M: Personally I can't quite see the meaning in his modern works． Most of them remind me of the stuff my nephew brings home from the kindergarten． Q: What does the man mean?

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8． W: Rod said he wanted to get involved in student government this year． M: But he hasn't gone through a single meeting, has he? Q: What does the man imply about Rod?

Conversation One

M: Good morning! Madam． Can I help you?

W: Oh, I do hope so． 91 have to get to Manchester today and my own car has broken down． Do you by any chance have a car available? M: For how many days? Madam．

W: Three, just until the weekend．

M: And what sort of car did you have in mind?

W: Well． 10That depends a little bit on the price． But I normally drive a Chevrolet． Do you have anything like that?

M: Yes, Certainly． That's group C which includes Chevrolet and sea-arrows． W: How much are they?

M: Well, for three days, you would have to have it under the unlimited mileage conditions, which will work out cheaper for Manchester anyway． Let's see, Group C, three to five days hire with unlimited mileage is 53 pounds per day． W: I see． Does that include everything?

M: 11It includes third party, insurance, but it does not include value-added tax, patrol or CDW． W: What's that?

M: CDW? Oh, that's the cover in case you damage the hire car． Third party insurance only covers you for damage two another vehicle． For Group C cars is 6 pounds per day． W: OK． I think I'll have the Chevrolet．

M: All right． Could I have your driving license please? W: Certainly． Here we are． M: So, it's Ms． JB． couty． W:Yes． That's fight． M: And the number is 509024bc9cs, expiring the 1st, July, 2015． And you want to take it immediately? W: Yes, I do, please．

M: Lovely． Well you could just initial that box there for the CDW． And that box there to confirm you have known driving convictions, thank you, and then sign there． Great! That's it! Questions 9 to H are based on the conversation you have just heard．

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9． Why does the woman want to hire a car?

10． What is the woman's main consideration in hiring a car?

11． What does the daily charge include?

Conversation Two

W: 12So, possible locations for the plant． 13First, the basic facilities for the region are generally very good, at least between the three main cities, Bilbao, Victoria in the south and Santander． There is now a fast train link to the, south of France and the rest of Spain． M: What are the improvements that affect Bilbao principally?

W: The whole region benefits． First, the port area has been completely modernized and relocated． And the airport has been extended． So the basic facilities are good． M: Right． So, are we in the position to choose one of these cities?

W: 14Well, let's not rush into anything． I think it's a bad idea to assume we're going to choose a city． It might be better to think about one of the smaller towns．

M: Smaller places． Yes． So, should we get details on the possible places?

W: Yes． We could do that． But, we need, I think, first, to check if you take these things into consideration． For example, tax benefits, grants, and anything like that． For locating to a smaller place, not one of these main cities, then we could make a better decision．

M: Yes． I agree． You've talked about the improved transport links in Bilbao． 15What about the links to the smaller towns? If it's a mountainous hilly region, it could take an hour or more for a truck to reach a main road． So I think we need to look specifically at the train and links to smaller towns．

W: Yes． You're right．

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 12． What are the speakers discussing?

13． What does the woman say about Bilbao, Victoria and Santander?

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14． What does the woman think they should do?

15． What is the man concerned about?

Section B Passage One

16In a study of older people with sisters and brothers, psychologist Debra Gold of the Duke Center for the study of aging and human development found that about 20% said they were hostile or indifferent toward their sisters and brothers． Reasons for this ranged from inheritance disputes to hostility between spouses． But, many of those who had poor relationships felt guilty． Although most people admitted to some lingering rivalry, it was rarely strong enough to end the relationship． Only four out of the 54 people interviewed had completely broken with their sisters and brothers and only one of the four felt comfortable with the break． 17As sisters and brothers advanced into old age, closeness increases and rivalry diminishes, explains Victor Chichirali, a psychologist at Purdue University． Most of the elderly people he interviewed said they had supportive and friendly dealings and got along well or very well with theft sisters and brothers． Only 4% got along poorly． Gold found that as people age, they often become more involved with and interested in their sisters and brothers． 53% of those she interviewed said that contact with their sisters and brothers increase innate adulthood． With family and career

obligations reduced, many said that they had more time for each other． Others said that they felted with time to heal wounds． 18A man who had recently reconciled with his brother told Gold there's something that lets older people to put aside the bad deeds of the past and focus a little on what we need now, especially when it's sisters and brothers． Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard． 16． What does the study by Debra Gold find about older people?

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17． What has probably caused closeness to increase among sisters and brothers according to Victor Chichirali?

18． What did the man who had recently reconciled with his brother tell Debra Gold about older people?

Passage Two

Monarch butterflies, the large origin black insects, are common summer sights in northern United States and Canada． They brighten in parks and gardens as they fly among the flowers． 19What makes monarch butterflies particularly interesting is they migrate, all the way to California or Mexico in back． They are thought to be the only insect that does this． Every year in the late summer, monarch begin their migration to the south, those heading for Mexico go first for the Louisiana Mississippi region． And then they fly to go across Mexico into Texas． 20Once in Mexico, they establish themselves in one of about 15 sizes in the mountain forth． Each side provides the winter home for millions of monarchs． The butterflies are so numerous that they often cover the entire trees． When spring comes, they began their long journey north． The question is often asked whether every butterfly makes the round trip journey every year． And the answer is no． The average monarch lives about nine month． 21So when fly to the north, they might lay eggs in Louisiana and die． The eggs of that following generation may be found in Kentucky, the eggs of next generation may be in Michigan． The last generation of the season about the forth may make the journey back in Mexico and restart the cycle． Scientists learn about the monarch butterflies' migration by capturing and placing the identifying tags in the insects． 22By recapturing the attempt of the monarch and noting where they came from, the next scientist can figure out things like butterfly's age and its routing．

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard．

19． what is the unique about the monarch butterfly according to the speaker?

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20． Where does the butterfly settle at the end of the migration?

21． What does the speaker say about the monarch butterflies' reproduction?

22． What is the talk mainly about?

Passage Three

23People nowadays seem to have the sense that their time has become more limited． Compared with early generations we spend more and more time working and have less and less free time to engage in leisure pursues． But this premise turns out to be an illusion． 24The most comprehensive data from major Time Use Service suggests, if anything, Americans today have more free time than the early generations． The number of hours we work has not changed much, but we spend less time now on home tasks． So we have a great amount

of time for leisure than in decades past． So why do we feel like time so scare． One problem is that time becomes more valuable and time becomes more worth money． We feel like we have less of it． Workers who bill or get paid by the hour, think employer and fast-food workers, report focusing more on pursuing more money than those who get paid by salary and the fact has been fast． In one experiment, people were told to play the role of consultant and bill their time by either nine dollars an hour or ninety dollars an hour． When people billed their time by ninety dollars an hour they report feeling far more priced for time． 25Thinking about our time as money, changes are our behavior as well． In one study, people who were instructed to think about money before entering a care spent less times chatting with the other patrons and more time working． Those who are thinking their time did reverse spending time socializing instead of working． Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard． 23, what does． the speaker say now people feel about time?

24． What do the data from time use service show?

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25． What happens when we think about our time as money?

Section C

The first copyright law in the United States was passed by Congress in 1790． In 1976 Congress enacted the latest copyright law, (26)taking into consideration the technological developments that had occurred since the passage of the Copyright Act of 1909． For example, in 1909, anyone who wanted to make a single copy of a (27) literary work for personal use had to do so by hand． The very process (28)imposed a limitation on the quantity of materials copied． Today, a photocopier can do the work in seconds; the limitation has disappeared．The 1909 law did not provide full protection for films and sound recordings, nor did it (29)anticipate the need to protect radio and television． As a result, (30)violations of the law and abuses of the intent of the law have lessened the (31)financial rewards of authors, artists and producers． The 1976 Copyright Act has not prevented these abuses fully, but it has clarified the legal rights of the injured parties and given them an (32)avenue for remedy．

Since 1976 the Act has been (33)amended to include computer software, and guidelines have been adopted for fair use of television broadcasts． These changes have cleared up much of the confusion and conflict that followed (34)in the wake of the 1976 legislation． The fine points of the law are decided by the courts and by acceptable common practice over time． As these decisions and agreements are made, we modify our behavior accordingly． For now, we need to (35)interpret the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner． 单词注释

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

Section A

Fear can be an effective way to change behavior． One study compared the effects of high-fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene (卫生)． One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of (36)decayed teeth and diseased gums; another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth, charts, and graphs． Subjects

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who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater (37)desire to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did．

But were these reactions actually (38)translated into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question, subjects were called back to the laboratory on two (39）occasions (five days and six weeks after the experiment)． They chewed disclosing wafers (牙疾诊断片) that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct (40) indication of how well they were really taking care of their teeth． The result showed that the high-fear appeal did actually result in greater and more (41)concrete changes in dental hygiene． That is, the subjects (42)exposed to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more (43)carefully than did those who saw low-fear warnings．

However, to be an effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given (44)eligible guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear． If this isn't done, they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the (45)credibility of the communicator． If that happens, it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur． 译文：

恐惧是改变行为的有效方式。一项研究比较了高恐惧和低恐惧感染力对有关口腔卫生的态度和行为变化的影响。研究小组向其中一组受试者展示了有关(36)龋齿和牙龈病的恐怖图片；又给另一组人看了不是那么可怕的材料，例如树脂牙、图表和图形。看到可怕材料的受试者比低恐惧小组显得更加焦虑，也更(37)想要改变护理牙齿的方法。

但是这些反应真的能(38)转变成更好的口腔卫生习惯吗?为了回答这个重要的问题，受试者两 (39)次被召回到实验室(分别在试验的五天后以及六个星期后)。他们都嚼了牙疾诊断片，这种牙疾诊断片会在牙齿上没有清洁的地方留下红色的污渍，因而也就直接(40)说明了他们护理牙齿的程度。结果表明高恐惧感染力确实能引起口腔卫生方面更大且更(41)具体的改变。也就是说， (42)接触高恐惧警告信息的受试者比那些看到低恐惧警示信息的人刷牙更(43)认真。

但是，要想成为一个有效且有说服力的方法，信息就不能太吓人而且也应当为人们提供(44)合适的参考指南帮他们减少引起恐惧的原因。如果做不到这一点，他们就会通过否认接收到的信息或者是信息传播者的(45)可信度以缓解焦虑。如果是这样的话，就不可能会出现任何态度或者行为上的改变。 选项词性归类

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一段中说了什么?

A．They have been competing for the leading position．他们一直在为领先的地位互相竞争。 B．California has been superior to Texas in many ways．加州在许多方面一直领先于德州。 C．They are both models of development for other states．他们都是其他州发展的榜样。

D．Texas’s cowboy culture is less known than California’s．德州的牛仔文化不如加州的文化有名。

62．What does the author say about today’s California?关于今天的加州作者说了什么? A．Its debts are pushing it into bankruptcy．它的债务追使其破产。

B．Its budgets have been cut by$26 billion．它的预算减少了260亿美元。 C．It is faced with a serious financial crisis．它面临着严重的财政危机。 D．It is trying hard to protect the vulnerable．它正在努力保护弱势群体。

63．In what way is Texas different from California?德州在哪方面与加州不同? A．It practices small government．它实行小政府模式。

B．It is home to traditional industries．它是传统工业的发源地。 C．It has a large Hispanic population．它有很多大拉美裔人口。 D．It has all enviable welfare system．它有令人羡慕的福利制度。

64．What problem is Texas confronted with?德州面临着什么问题?

A．Its Hispanic population is mostly illiterate．大部分的拉美裔人口没有受过教育。 B．Its sunrise industries are shrinking rapidly．朝阳产业正严重缩水。

C．Its education cannot meet the needs of the knowledge economy．教育无法满足知识经济的需求。 D．Its immigrants have a hard time adapting to its cowboy culture。移民很难适应它的牛仔文化。

65．What do we learn about American politics from the passage?关于美国的政治从这篇文章中我们可以知道些什么?

A．Each state has its own way of governing．每个州都有自己的治理方式。 B．Most states favor a bipartisan approach．大部分州都支持两党制。

C． Parties collaborate in drawing public policies．各方在制定公共政策中相互合作。 D．All states believe in government for the people．所有的州都相信政府是为人民服务的。

Part IV Translation

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难点注释

1．第一句话可直译，包含了两个意思，所以考生可将其译为两个并列分句，中间用and连接。 2．第二句话的重点在于“获取了新的意义”，所以考生可以将“都是老词”作为同位语译出。

3．第三句较长，大部分语句是用来修饰“乡村地主”和“人”的，考生采用定语从句的形式，而且，要体现出过去与现在的对比。

4．第四句同第三句一样，含有对比的意思，所以考生要体现对比的意思，可以表示转折的并列连词将其连接起来。

5．最后一句包含了两个独立的意思，所以考生应将其拆分成两个句子。前半句可用it作形式主语的结构，后半句可用there be句型，并将最后一部分用独立主格结构的形式翻译。 重点词汇

热词hotwords 大妈dama

欺压tyrannize

乡村地主rural landlords 品味taste

特指refer specifically to 大量购买purchase in bulk 加进be added to 土豪tu hao

获取be endowed with 佃户tenants

花钱如流水squander money with no limits 称呼appellation 大跌crash

被收入be included in 扩展词汇

男闺蜜bromeo 女汉子female man

广场舞open-air fitness dancing 不作死就不会死no zuo no die 高大上high-end

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累觉不爱too tired to love 答案速查

1—5．BAACD 6—10．CDAAC 11—15．BBADB 1 6—20．AADCC 21—25．BBDCD 26．taking into consideration 27．Literary 28．imposed 29．anticipate 30．violations 31．Financial 32．Avenue 33．Amended

34．In the wake of 35．interpret 36—40．FGOLK 41—45．DJBIE 61—65．BCACA 46—50．MDLGE 5 1—55．HJIAK 56—60．DDBCD

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