中考英语写作专题--单词拼写、完成句子和书面表达

中考英语写作专题

----单词拼写、完成句子和书面表达

Step 1 单词拼写答题技巧

一． 复习方法

1. 掌握广州市初中毕业生学业考试指导书的词汇表。要牢记这些单词，打下坚固的基础。同时要注意很多考生习惯于看着课本记单词，这容易导致单词记忆上的缺漏。

2. 全方位地去记单词。仅仅记住单词拼写和词义是远远不够的，还应记住它的词性，发音和搭配用法。这有这样才能正确地判断应填对待词性和词形。 3. 需要特别记忆的单词：星期，月份，四季，数词(如：eighth, ninth…)，家人亲戚(如：daughter, uncle…)，过去式或分词双写尾字母的动词(如：stop, plan, refer…)，不规则变化的动词(如：lie作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain，现在分词都是lying)，名词复数变化(如：German—Germans, half—halves, leaf—leaves, knife—knives, life—lives, thief—thieves, wife—wives, mouse—mice, foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, tomato, potato, hero等有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es)，动词变名词时的拼写变化(如下表) 汉语意思 决定 旅行 发明 同意 出现 拼写 邀请 成功 动词 decide travel invent agree appear spell invite succeed 名词 decision trip invention agreement appearance spelling invitation success 形容词变名词时的拼写变化(如：long—length, high—height, strong—strength)，形容词变副词时的拼写变化(如：以-ble结尾的形容词变副词时，去e加y，如：possible—possibly, terrible—terribly)。

二．解题技巧

●1 读懂句意，确定单词

先通览全句了解大意。努力从中找到一些解题提示来帮助确定所填的单词。 [例] The f_____ day of the week is Sunday.

解析：该句意为一周的第一天的星期天，需要填的词的首字母是f，根据常识和序数词有关知识应填第一，故填first。此类题目还可考月份，如：September is the n______ month of the year.

●2 瞻前顾后，确定形式

根据题意确定所需单词。确定单词后，要根据题意确定所选单词的词形，要考虑名词的可数与不可数，可数名词要注意单，复数形式；形容词或副词的比较等级的变化；动词是构成句子的重要部分，它的时态，语态，非谓语动词的各种形式比较复杂，应该在做题时作出恰当的选择，同时惯用法，固定搭配也是重点考查内容之一。现分类说明如下： 1. 名词

一般考虑单，复数形式和所有格。

[例1] Do you like white? We have shirts of different c________.

解析：根据句意，可确定单词为color，通过前面的shirts和different两词可确定此处应用colors。

[例2] September 10th is T_______ Day.

解析：根据句意，确定单词为Teacher，它与Day之间存在所有格关系，将Teacher变为复数，再变为所有格，应填Teachers’。

2. 形容词和副词

这两类词考生极易混淆，做题时应仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪类词，有时还要考虑到形容词和副词级的变化。

[例1] He was very a_______ with the man upstairs and began to shout, “Stop singing!”

解析：根据句意，这里应该用固定搭配be angry with, 此处应填形容词原级angry。

[例2] On Sundays, children play h_____ in the park. 解析：此处应填副词happily，副词修饰动词。 3. 动词

动词变化形式较为复杂，一般有五种：动词原形，第三人称单数形式，现在分词，过去式和过去分词。可综合考查考生运用英语知识的能力。 [例1] Thank you very much for l______ me your bike. 解析：介词后动词用-ing形式，故填lending。

[例2] When he was ten, he became i_______ in maths.

解析：become interested in为固定搭配，意为对…感兴趣，故此处应填interested。 4. 数词

注意确定用基数词还是序数词。 [例1] There are ______ months in a year. 解析：此处应填基数词twelve。

[例2] December is the t_______ month of the year. 解析：此处应填序数词twelfth。 5. 代词

主要从人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词或疑问代词几方面考虑，有时还考虑用单数还是复数形式。

[例1] Help y______ to some fish, John. 解析：根据句意，此处应填yourself。

[例2] “Help y_______ to some fish, please.” Mrs. Green said to the twins. 解析：根据句意，the twins为复数，故填yourselves。 6. 连词

若前后两个词或句子存在转折，因果，并列，选择等关系，一般应填连词。 [例1] She didn’t go to school yesterday b________ she was ill. 解析：从句和主句互为因果关系，故填because。

[例2] The football match went on t______ it was raining heavily. 解析：该从句为让步状语从句，故应填though。 ●3 检查

填好单词后，要根据句意检查单词的词性，词类等变化是否符合原意。同时不能出现书写错误。

【中考链接】

【2013广州中考】第一节 单词拼写（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）

66. David can r__________ very fast. I’m sure he will win the race at the sports meeting.

67. It’s dangerous to swim in the r___________. It’s safer to go to the swimming pool.

68. Animals are useful. For example, we can get fresh m__________ from cows.

69. Your voice is very sweet. Would you s_________ a song at the English party?

70. Yao Ming, one of China’s best ever basketball player, is more than 2 meters t________.

【2012广州中考】第一节单词拼写(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 (每空限填一词)

66．He is very smart．He went to university at the a of 15．

67．Never cross the street when the traffic lights are r ．Wait until it’s green．

68．It doesn’t look like rain，so you needn’t b your umbrella with you．

69．I miss my family and really feel l without any friends in this new city．

70．Where is my watch?I can’t f it．

【2011广州中考】单词拼写（共5小题， 每小题1分， 满分5分）

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。 在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）

66. What a p___________! I failed the chemistry exam again.

67. My sister often helps me with my homework. She is very h___________. 68. It has been sunny all day, so I don’t think it will r___________ tomorrow. 69. If you are f___________ this afternoon, let’s go shopping. 70. Listen carefully and a___________ my question.

【2010广州中考】单词拼写（共5小题， 每小题1分， 满分5分） 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。 在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）

66. When will you come back, Dad? I m you so much. 67. After the examinations, I need to take a good r . 68. The concert last night wasn’t very good. Before it ended, the theatre

was almost e .

69. There weren’t enough chairs in the meeting room, so some of the students had to s on 70. Tomorrow is my cousin’s birthday. I’m going to buy a g for her.

参考答案：

2013：66、run 67、river 68、milk 69、 sing 70、tall 2012：66 age 67 red 68 bring 69 lonely 70 find 2011：66. pity 67. helpful 68. rain 69. free 70. answer 2010： 66. miss 67. rest 68. empty 69: stand 70: gift

Step 2完成句子解题技巧点拨

根据中文提示完成句子。在这个题型中，所给出的句子仅为半句话，另一半为中文提示。结合全句的意思用所学过的常用词组、固定搭配或已掌握的被动语态及从句结构完成整句话，使全句意思正确、逻辑清楚。

此题重在考查学生能否正确使用中英文表达方式不同的句型。同学们拿到题后，要先进行英汉对照，看英文中应该用哪一个句型来表达该句的意思，然后再考虑这个句型的结构搭配。 这类题的解题步骤可归纳为：

第一步，先读一下汉语句子，了解这个句子所要表达的意思。

第二步，跳过空格读一下已给出的那一部分内容，然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译的英语。

第三步，观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然后联想一下相关词汇和句型，再考虑语态、时态、词形变化、主语与谓语数的一致性等问题。 第四步，试填空格。 第五步，将已填好的句子再读一遍，从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下， 若一切没问题，该题就OK了。 要做好这类题，平时应怎样做呢？

1．熟练掌握常用词和词组的用法。 2．熟练掌握各种句型结构。 3．掌握语法知识。

4．熟读课文，因为有些题可能会出自课文原文。 5．平时要加强这类题的训练。

第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

【中考链接】

【2013广州中考】第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词） 71. 离开课室时请关灯。

Please_______ ________ the lights when you leave the classroom. 72. 踢完足球后，他太兴奋了睡不着。

After the football game, he was__________ excited_________ sleep. 73. 你的手好脏啊！快去洗！

_________ __________ your hands are! Go and wash them now. 74. 在中国到处都有人打羽毛球。

In China, badminton_________ __________ everywhere. 75. 你知道在哪里买这种邮票吗？

Do you know_________ __________ __________ this kind of stamp?

【2012广州中考】第二节完成句子(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词) 71．你们彼此用邮件联系吗?

Do you with each other by email? 72．看电影时我们既不能大声喧哗也不能吃东西。

We should talk loudly eat in the theatre while watching a movie． 73．多么美丽而宁静的岛啊!

beautiful and quiet island it is! 74．上周，怀特先生被邀请做了一个语言学习的讲座。

Last week，Mr White to give a speech on language learning． 75．我不明白他们为何对这位美国歌星如此疯狂。

I can’t understand so crazy about this American singing star．

【2011广州中考】完成句子（共5小题， 每小题2分， 满分10分） 71. 实际上， 我一点都不喜欢他的新发型。

___________ ___________, I don’t like his new hairstyle at all. 72. 父亲和我都喜欢看篮球比赛。

___________ my father ___________ I love watching basketball matches. 73. 时间过得真快啊！

___________ ___________ the time passed! 74. 我想知道为什么你今天上学又迟到了。

I want to know ___________ ___________ ___________ late for school again today.

75. 学生们每周都清洁教室的窗户。

The classroom windows ___________ ___________ by the students every week.

【2010广州中考】根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空只写一词）

71．从广州开车到清远需要多长时间？

How long does to drive from Guangzhou to Qingyuan? 72. 如果你晚上早些睡，早上就不会感觉疲惫。

You go to bed earlier at night, you won’t in the morning.

73. 到处湿漉漉的。天气真糟糕！

74. 我经常请教音乐老师怎样才能够弹好钢琴。

I often ask my music teacher play the piano well.

75. 昨天的会上问了很多问题。

Many questions at yesterday’s meeting. 参考答案：

2013：71、turn off 72、too, to 73、How dirty 74、is played 75、where to buy

2012：71 keep in touch 72 neither...nor/ not ...or 73 What a 74 was invited 75 Why they are

2011：71. In fact: 72. Both and 73. How fast 74. why you were 75. are cleaned

2010:71. it take 72.If, be tired 73. how bad 74.how I can 74. were asked

Step 3书面表达解题方法讲解

英语书面表达 解题方法 书面表达的五个基本步骤：第一步: “审” 第二步: “列” 第三步: “加” 第四步: “连” 第五步: “美”

我们以一道书面表达练习为例，仔细学习书面表达的这5个解题步骤： 书面表达题目：健康很重要。在学习和工作的压力日趋增大的今天，会休息的人才会有健康的身体。人们是如何度过假期的呢？国际健康组织对此作了一次调查，。根据你所得的信息，请为国际健康组织写一篇完整的调查报告,并提倡大家进行假日休闲。

第一步: “审” ：认真审题，找出文章要表达的中心。即找出题目中的关键词。 及时练习一：找出以上书面表达题目的关键词。 travel stay at home

visit friends or parents work

第二步: “列” 用简单的句子或短语列出文章要点。

根据第一步找出的关键词和题目中的图表，用简单的句子列出文章的要点 及时练习二：A lot of people travel . Some people stay at home. Some other people visit friends or parents.

A few people work. Enjoy your vacation. 第三步: “加” 加首尾，使结构完整。可以采取总分总结构或者总分结构，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁,漂亮。

龙头（a nice head）：How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our survey report. 猪肚（a nice body）：A lot of people travel . Some people stay at home. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work.

凤尾（a nice tail）：Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. 初步形成了一篇书面表达： How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our survey report.

A lot of people travel . Some people stay at home. They watch TV or surf the internet. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work. Come

and enjoy your vacation. The people who relax well work well 其它优美的“龙头”：

All of us have holidays in our daily life, but how do people spend their holiday? We did a survey and here are the

results. It’s nothing better than having a rest after working ! So how do people rest themselves on vacation? According to our

survey, there are several ways. 其它优美的“凤尾”：All in all, different people have different ways to relax themselves. But I suggest that we should enjoy the holiday, then we may

work better. So this year, why not consider going outside? Spend your healthy holiday

and then get more energy for work orstudy. 及时练习三：将以下几个句子按顺序连成一片短文。 1. Second , we should keep quiet in the library.

2. First , we have to wear our uniforms to go to school, though most of us don’t like them at all.

3. Every school has its own rules for students. We have many school rules to follow in our daily life.

4. What’s more, we ought to return books on time.

5. Our school rules are good for us, I will try me best to follow them. 6. Third , we must do lots of homework.

3 2 1 4 6 5 第四步: “连” 恰当运用关联词句，使得文章层次清晰，各个部分衔接自然。 及时练习四：Let’s play the game.

1._________ I am tired, I keep on working till midnight. 2.He didn’t go to movies, he went to the concert ____________.

3.We like doing kinds of sports ,________ swimming, running and hiking. 4._____, he stood up. ______he got out. _____, he came back. _________, he smiled. 1.Though 2.instead 3.such as 4.First ,Then,Next,Finally

及时练习五：接下来，我们给我们在第三步中初步形成的书面表达加上关联词。 How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our survey report.

According to it, most people travel. And some people stay at home. Also,some other people visit friends or parents. However, a few people work.

Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. 第五步: “美” 选好词句，美化文章。在有把握的情况下展示自己的语言功底。 We interviewed people about the ways to spend the vacation and here is our survey report. According to it, most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays . And some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest. Also, to visit friends

or parents makes them relaxed. However, a few people have to work.

Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. 及时练习六：我们现在一起来修改或美化其它句子： 1.Good good study, day day up.

Study well/hard,make progress every day. 2.We should do sports a week once. We should do sports once a week. 3.Save the environment is our duty. Saving the environment is our duty. 4.There is going to have a meeting today. There is going to be a meeting today. 5.I hope I can come true my dream. I hope I can achieve/realize my dream. I hope my dream can come true. 6.Tomorrow will be very busy. I/He will be very busy tomorrow. Skill Two ：Express in different ways 1.Our parents really wish us to work hard.

Our parents really wish us to put our heart into study. 2.The teenagers like the computers. The teenagers are fond of the computers. 3.We shouldn’t eat junk food.

We should stay away from the junk food. 4.When he spoke, he got more excited. The more he spoke, the more excited he got. 5.We should learn English grammar.

It’s important to learn English grammar well. 六注意：

写短文时要做到以下六个方面：

(1)避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。

(2)多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。 (3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。 1）语态、时态要准确无误。

2）主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。 3）注意人称代词的宾格形式。

4）注意冠词用法，例如： He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。 5）注意拼写、标点符号和大小写，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。

(4)描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：

1）外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。 2）服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。 3）内心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。 4）感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。 5）动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。

(5)上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间），使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法： 1.表示并列或递进:

and 和；而, as well as 和……一样 , both…and... …和…都,

not only…but also… 不但……而且……, neither…nor… 既不…也不 2.表示选择:

or或者 either…or… 或者……或者……；要么……要么…… 3.表示转折: but 但是 however 然而 although尽管 though尽管 after all毕竟 4.表示因果:

because因为 so因此 therefore因此, 所以

5.表示条件: if

如

果

unless

除

非

6.表示对比:

instead 代替; 顶替; 更换 not…but… 不是……而是…… on the one hand…on the other hand一方面…另一方面… on the one hand I have to work;

on

the

other

hand

I

have

many

visitors

to

see

7.表示解释:

for example=for instance例如 such as 例如 That is to say…=That

means… 那就是说…，即意味着… in other words换句话说 8.表示顺序:

to begin with首先；本来 first of all 首先 first =firstly 第一 second= secondly 第二

then然后；接着；于是 next接下来 finally 最后；终于 in the end最后；终于

later 以后；随后 since then 此后；从此一直 from then on 从那时起 9.表示强调:

also 出自之外；并且；也 besides 而且；此外 What’s more. 而且 even

worse更糟糕的是 actually 事实上 in fact 事实上 10.表示结论:

in a word 总之 in my opinion all in all总而言之 altogether总之generally speaking 总的来说

(6)改病句：认真检查，改正错误。中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：

1）格式是否有错。 2）拼写有无错误。 3）语言是否用错。 4）时态、语态错误。 5）标点错误。 6）人称是否用错。 三. 注意事项

书面表达要特别注意书写工整，卷面整洁。每年阅卷老师在十来天的时间里要看十几万考生的作文，工作量之大，时间之紧，可想而知。书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁与得分高低直接有关。

中考链接

【2013广东广州】第三节 书面表达 （共1小题，满分15分）

新学期开始，你就读的国际学校的学生社团又开始招募了。假设你是社团负责人，请根据以下内容和提示要求写一篇英语短文，为新同学介绍下列社团的情况（包括名称、活动内容及其目的）。

Clubs are calling

The new term is coming. For all our new students, I would like to introduce some of our clubs …

注意：1. 词数80左右（文章开头已给出，不计入词数）： 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。否则不予评分。

好煮人 (Excellent Cooks) ? 设计健康菜单 ? 学习做菜 ? 过健康生活 酷动者 (Cool Players) 智读者 ? 每天运动一小时 ? 观看比赛 ? 强健身体 (Smart Readers) ? 读好书 ? 写读书笔记 ? 增长知识 ？ （请你补充）

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Clubs are calling

The new term is coming. For all our new students, I would like to introduce some of our clubs.

Cool Players is a good choice for sports lovers. Here you can do sports one hour a day to strengthen your body, and watch sports matches. If you are interested in books, Smart Readers is a good choice. Reading good books and writing reading notes is useful to improve your writing and widen your horizons. Do you want to be a good cook? In Excellent Cooks, you will learn how to design healthy menu and cook dishes, which can lead to a healthy life. If you want to design your own clothes, come to Fashion Designer. You can learn a lot from the professional teachers.

These are the most popular clubs in our school, and hope you can join us. 【2013广东】B 书面表达（本题15分）根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。

大千世界，无奇不有。相信同学们也遇到过这类谎言、骗局或谣言。假设你叫李明，是红星（Hongxing）中学九（1）班的学生，请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：

1. 自我介绍；

2. 描述你一次类似的经历，并说明你当时的感受；

3. 以后再经历这样的事，作为学生，我们该怎么做？请提出两个建议或做法。 作文要求：

1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名； 2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Good

morning,

everyone!

Let

me

introduce

myself

first.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That’s all. Thank you. 范文：

Good morning, everyone! Let me introduce myself first. My name’s Li Ming. I’m a student of Class One Grade Nine, Hongxing Middle School. Do you want to know something strange that I have experienced?

Yesterday morning I received an-email. It said I won the prize of a new computer. I was so excited! I gave them a call as quickly as possible. And they told me that I had to pay them two hundred yuan. I did as they told me. But two weeks later, I still haven’t received the prize. I realized that I had been cheated. I felt really sad and angry.

As a student, what should we do if we receive the information like that? I think we shouldn’t believe it first. We can tell our teachers or parents about it. We can also report it to the police. We are sure the cheats will be caught and punished one day.

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