人教版2024-2025学年高一英语必修一课后练习.：Unit 4 第4课时

Unit 4 第4课时

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

This week, Japanese doctors began examining three hundred sixty thousand children in Fukushima Prefecture. The goal is to learn the extent to which radiation (辐射) may increase their risk of thyroid (甲状腺) cancer. Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.

The earthquake and tsunami that struck northeastern Japan in March left twenty thousand people dead or missing. So far no one has died from radiation exposure. But tens of thousands remain displaced from a twenty-kilometer area around the disabled power plant. Officials say the thyroid tests will be done every two years until the children reach the age of twenty. After that, tests will be done every five years. Most cancers of the thyroid gland can be treated if found early.

Some people in Tokyo and other cities are measuring radiation levels themselves. They worry about a possible risk from Fukushima. In recent days, a private laboratory confirmed the presence of increased levels of radioactive cesium (铯) in some dirt at Tokyo's Edogawa ballpark. The area is nearly two hundred fifty kilometers from the reactors.

Last week private citizens found abnormal levels of radiation in the air on the path to a Tokyo school. However, government officials say the cause was under the floor of a nearby house: old bottles containing radium powder. Radium was used in the past to make watch and clock faces glow in the dark.

The International Atomic Energy Agency says Japan must avoid becoming too “conservative” in its clean-up efforts.

Japanese officials have ordered an increase in radiation testing, but they say hot spots outside Fukushima are not a cause for worry. They say no one spends enough time at the sites to get enough radiation to cause harm. They also say the small dosimeters (测定器) that some private citizens use to measure radiation can give a wrong reading.

1．The purpose of the doctors examining the children in Fukushima is to ________. A．ensure children's timely treatment from the radiation B．check how long the radiation remain C．prevent radiation from reaching the children D．transfer the children to a safe place

2．Which of the following statements about the effect the earthquake brought is TRUE? A．Twenty thousand people died from radiation exposure.

B．Thousands of people were driven from the area around the disabled power plant. C．Thousands of people are diagnosed with cancers of the thyroid cancer. D．Children are at the risk of the thyroid cancer.

3．What government officials say is to ________. A．get rid of responsibility B．relieve citizens' nervousness C．distort the fact of harm D．prove their efforts

4．What can we learn from this passage?

A．Citizens in Tokyo aren't worried about the harm of radiation any longer.

B．There are no citizens staying in an eighty-kilometer area around the disabled plant. C．A Tokyo school was found abnormal levels of radiation because of old bottles. D．The International Atomic Energy Agency appeals to Japanese government to make efforts to remove radiation.

Ⅱ. 完形填空

[2014·河南师大附中期中测试]Once upon a time, there was a bird made of stone. She was beautiful and magic. She lived near the entrance to a beautiful ___1___ between two mountains. The bird was so ___2___ that she had to walk on the ground instead of ___3___ in the sky.

Though she couldn't fly, she ___4___ looking up at the trees every day. She ___5___ one day being able to fly and see the ___6___ forest from up high. ___7___， that dream was gone after a great fire.

When the fire was ___8___ put out, all that was left of the trees were stumps(树桩). ___9___ plants and animals that had live there were gone. The stone bird was the only one that didn't ___10___ in the fire. When she saw what had ___11___ to the trees, she felt very sad. Looking at the burnt trees, she couldn't ___12___ crying. She cried for hours and days. She cried with such a feeling that her ___13___ were wearing away her stone ___14___. Finally all her body was worn away and the bird had ___15___ some water.

But when the ___16___ came out, the water rose into the sky and became a happy little cloud which could fly over the trees and see everything ___17___. Since then, the little cloud has traveled all over the world. She enjoyed the ___18___ of all the forests and beautiful countryside. She never ___19___ what had burnt the trees, so she was very careful to pour her rain down on any tree she saw ___20___. She saved a lot of trees. 1．A. field C. sea 2. A. proud C. heavy 3．A. walking C. singing

B. lake D. forest B.surprising D. pretty B.trying D. flying

4．A. needed C. enjoyed 5．A. made up C. gave up 6．A. dusty C. small 7．A. However C. Therefore 8．A. sadly C. finally 9．A. Some C. Few 10．A. change C. watch 11．A. happened C. moved 12．A. continue C. keep 13．A. minds C. hands 14．A. house C. body

15．A. cared about C. turned up 16．A. star C. moon 17．A. below C. backward 18．A. views C. colours 19．A. found C. forgot 20．A. falling C. growing Ⅲ. 语法填空

B.began D. disliked

B.dreamed of D. talked about B.poor D. beautiful B.Also D. So B.possibly D. suddenly B.All D. No B.live D. die B. come D. climbed B. start D. stop B.feelings D. tears B.heart D. habit

B. turned into D. looked for B.air D. sun B.above D. ahead B.areas D. numbers B.explained D. knew B.burning D. shaking

Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world

every day. English speakers are always making new words and we should be able to know ___1___ most words come from. Sometimes, however, no one may really know where ___2____ word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, ___3___ (especial) when they are not made ___4___ham? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.

They did not speak good English, ___5___they ate good food. Some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef. Never ___6___they seen such a strange way. They couldn't help ___7___ (ask) the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “we came from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He made ___8___his mind to do something new. He cooked some round pieces of the beef like what the men from Hamburg ate and sold it in quite a few ___9___(country) around the world. Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is ___10___(interest)． 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ Ⅳ. 短文改错

Last November a English forum was held in Busan International High School of South Korea. Students from eight country took part in the forum representing their schools. I was one of the students in our school who was lucky enough to attend it. At the opening ceremony of the forum, students from Busan International High School play a lot of Korean traditional instruments, some of them were really new to us. The forum was very succeed. Every team did a good job and they highly thought of. During our stay in Korea, what impressed on us most was that Koreans love eating kimchi very much. Besides, in my opinion, it isn't as deliciously as I had imagined.

Ⅴ. 书面表达

生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张。请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。

简要描述事情的经过 分析发生冲突的原因 谈谈避免冲突的做法 打篮球、碰撞、争执，等等 1. 遇事不够冷静 2. ?? (请考生根据自己的经历或感想，提出至少两种做法) 注意： 1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。 2.词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.

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答案

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

日本的大地震和海啸造成了日本福岛的核泄漏。为了不给下一代带来影响，日本开始对儿童的辐射进行检测，以便随时为他们治疗。

1. A 细节理解题。从第一段的第二句话可知，这次检测的目的是为了检测儿童受辐射的程度，从而可以做到提前预防治疗。

2. D 细节理解题。从第一段的最后两句话可以判断出，儿童在这次核泄漏中会面临患甲状腺癌的危险。

3. B 推理判断题。政府一再劝慰人们不要担心，这实际上是怕引起社会的恐慌情绪。 4. D 推理判断题。日本的官方反复强调这些辐射无关大碍，目的是想减轻市民的紧张情绪。但国际原子能源机构认为日本政府的这种做法太“保守”，所以呼吁它努力消除辐射。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

本文是一篇寓言故事，从前一只住在森林里的石鸟，一直梦想着能飞上蓝天，欣赏森林的美景，然而不幸发生，一场火灾毁灭了所有的一切，石鸟痛哭不止，最后化水成云，最终梦想成真，欣赏到了森林的美景并守护着森林。

1. D 根据下文中6空后面的forest可知道答案。

2. C 根据后半句had to walk on the ground可判断为太重，故选C。 3. D 根据in the sky可判断为飞在空中，故选D。

4. C 考查动词辨析。A.需要；B.开始；C.喜爱，享受；D.不喜欢。根据上下语境意思此句应为：她喜欢每天仰视着那些树木。故应选C。

5. B 动词词组辨析。A.编造，弥补，化妆，组成；B.梦想??；C.放弃；D.谈论关于??。根据上下语境意思此句应为：梦想某天能飞起来??。故应选B。

6. D 根据上文1空前beautiful ，可选D。

7. A 联系副词辨析。A.然而，但是；B.也；C.因此；D.所以。根据句意上下文应为转折关系，故选A。

8. C 根据上下文语境意思此句应该为：当大火最终扑灭时，树木所留下的只有树桩。 故选C。

9. B 根据下文10空前的the only one 可判断应为所有的植物和居住在这的动物消失了。

10. D 考查动词辨析。A.改变；B.居住； C．观看；D.死亡。根据语境，这句话的意思是：石鸟是唯一没有死在火灾里的。

11. A 考查动词辨析。A.发生在??上；B.来到；C.搬到??；D.爬到。根据语境这句话的意思是：当他看到树木身上所发生的事情时，??。

12. D 根据下文中的“she cried for hours and days”。

13. D 根据下文中的“wearing away her stone”可知道，能够wearing away her stone的只有tears，上文she cried for hours and days。

14. C 根据下文中的“Finally all her body was worn away and...”，可知道答案为C。 15. B 考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境可知道这句话的意思是：这只鸟转变为水。 16. D 根据题意，能够让水变成水蒸气再变为云的只有太阳。

17. A 考查副词辨析。根据上下文语境可知道本句话的意思是：在空中这只鸟飞过森林，看见下面的所有事物。

18. A 考查名词辨析。根据上下文，这句话的意思是：她欣赏着所有森林和美丽乡村的景色。

19. C 考查动词辨析。A.发现；B.解释；C.忘记；D，知道，根据上下文这句话的意思是：她从未忘记燃烧掉的树木。

20. B 根据上下文的语境，雨水浇灭的应为燃烧的树木。 Ⅲ. 语法填空

本文讲述了一个故事：“hamburger”这个词的由来。

1. where 考查宾语从句，可参照第二段第一句话“no one may really know where ___2___ word comes from.”。

2. a 考查冠词的用法。

3 .especially 考查especial的词性变化，此处修饰句子应该使用副词形式。 4. of 考查固定短语，be made of“由??制成”。

5. but 考查两句话的逻辑关系，根据语意，可知此处为转折关系。

6. had 考查句式结构，根据整篇文章的时态和本句话的倒装结构可以知道应该选用过去完成时。

7. asking 考查固定用法，couldn't help doing“禁不住做某事”。

8. up 考查固定短语，make up one's mind“下定决心做某事”。

9. countries 考查名词的变化， a few 修饰名词的复数形式，因此应该为countries。 10. interesting 考查基本语法知识中的主＋系＋表结构，此处应该是形容词作表语。 Ⅳ. 短文改错

Last November a English forum was held in Busan International High School of South

anKorea. Students from eight country took part in the forum representing their schools. I was

countriesone of the students in our school who was lucky enough to attend it. At the opening ceremony

wereof the forum, students from Busan International High School play a lot of Korean traditional

playedinstruments, ∧ some of them were really new to us. The forum was very succeed. Every team

but

successful

did a good job and they ∧ highly thought of. During our stay in Korea, what impressed on＼

were

us most was that Koreans love eating kimchi very much. Besides， in my opinion, it isn't as

Howeverdeliciously as I had imagined.

delicious

Ⅴ. 书面表达

One possible version：

Conflicts_with_others_are_common_in_everyday_life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a horrible quarrel.

To be honest, it was Su's fault but Li was also to blame－they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things. They cared too much about winning and losing. As a matter of fact, blocking, pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.

To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life. It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.

Don't be self-centered and try to be considerate. We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.

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