Someone who welds(焊接) in a plant where automobiles are put together is an example.
In the same way, one person who makes business machines believes that a person can be completely trained to operate one of these machines in two days.
Unskilled workers, or workers who are not skilled, as their name suggests, need hardly any specialized training. (Q21) Skill can be obtained on the job itself, and as the workers become used to the work, they become more productive. For example, when the canals were built in Britain, and later when the railroads were laid, the managers who built them found that it took a full year for strong healthy farm boys to become diggers. These young men had to use their energy economically so that they could work long hours without tiring. A lot of special training was not needed, but the strong body and character that the job required was not produced in a single day.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. According to the speaker, what are the two kinds of skilled labors?
20. What kind of people is a partly skilled worker? 21. According to the passage, to be an unskilled worker, which of the following is NOT necessary?
劳动和劳动者可以分为三组:熟练,部分技术和非技术。每组有某些特定的品质,和其他两组之间的差异。这些品质工作所需的技能和培训的程度,以及职工执行特定的任务。
熟练工人的两种。第一种有专业知识在一个特定的区域,如制造工具或印刷。第二类已收到高等教育和特殊培训。医生,教师,律师就是这种熟练工人的例子。(Q.19)
部分技术工人是一个人获得了一个非常大量的技能在一个非常有限的活动。(自动)这样的工人可以被训练得很快。人焊接(焊接)在一个汽车的植物放在一起就是一个例子。
同样,有一个人让商业机器认为,一个人可以完全训练两天操作这些机器之一。
非熟练工人或工人不熟练,正如它们的名字所表明的,几乎不需要任何专门的培训。(温度系数)的技能可以在工作中获得本身,工人们习惯于工作,他们变得更富有成效。例如,当运河建造在英国,后来铁路铺设时,那些建造他们的经理发现,花了整整一年强劲健康农场男孩成为挖掘机。这些年轻人必须使用他们的能源经济,这样他们可以长时间工作而不累人。很多特殊训练并不是必要的,但所需的强壮的身体和性格,工作不是一天产生的。
问题19至21是基于你刚才听到。
19。根据演讲者,熟练劳动的两种类型是什么? 第一种有专业知识在一个特定的区域,如制造工具或印刷。第二类已收到高等教育和特殊培训 20。部分熟练工人是什么样的人?
21。根据短文,非技术工人,下面哪个不是必要的吗?
Passage Three
Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. (Q22) This is why the university is called \order to help a known group-people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was \University of the Air\ The idea was to teach \air\
teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people's homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also received advice at one of the 283 study centers in the country. In 36 weeks of the year he has to send written work to a \He must also spend 3 weeks every summer as a full-time student. (Q24) Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University's first year, the results were good. Three out of every 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in 4 or 5 years. (Q25)
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. Why is the university called \23. What does \
24. How many weeks every summer must a person spend as a full-time student?
25. How long will the students take to finish their studies?
一些20年前离开学校的学生在开放大学。另外的年轻但必须至少21岁。这是一个例子,如何开放大学与其他大学不同。学生必须全职工作或呆在家里一整天,例如,母亲的家庭。他们不需要通过任何考试之前接受学生。(如)这就是为什么大学被称为“开放”。大学是为了帮助一个已知group-people谁错过了大学教育在他们年轻。
开放大学的名字是“空中大学”(Q23处)。这个想法是教“空气”,换句话说,在广播和电视。大部分的教学都是这样完成的。广播和电视进入人们的家庭带来了教室。但这,就其本身而言,大学教育是不够的。开放大学学生也收到建议283研究中心之一。在36周他发送书面工作要“导师”,引导他的研究的人。每年夏天他还必须花费3周作为一个全职学生。(抓起)导师和学生见面,一起学习,和其他的大学。在开放大学的第一年,结果是好的。3/4的学生通过了考试。每年,如果他们这样做,他们将在4或5年完成学业。(Q25) 问题22到25是基于你刚才听到的。 22。为什么大学被称为“开放”? 23。“空气”在这里是什么意思?
24。有多少周每个夏天都必须一个人花一个全职学生吗? 25。学生们需要多长时间完成学业吗?
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it
only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.
By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable
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