click click
Solid chocolate as we know it today appeared. click
People enjoy chocolate because they __________________ _________, what’s more, chocolate helps us ____________________________________________________________________. inherited from their parents release hormones in the brain called endorphins
Comprehending the text
Read the passage quickly and answer the questions. More
1 What are the similarities and differences between chocolate today and chocolate made by the Aztecs? 2 Why was chocolate a luxury in the time of the Aztecs as well as when it was brought to Europe? 3 How was solid chocolate made?
4 Cocoa butter melts at the same temperature as that of the human body. Do we learn if this explains why we like chocolate?
5 What aspects of chocolate interest scientists? Work in pairs and discuss the following questions. Comprehending the text
click click click click click
Comprehending the text
In both cases the cocoa beans are crushed and mixed with something to form a paste. Similarities Differences
The Aztecs made chocolate with spices, but today’s chocolate is sweet. Aztec chocolate was liquid and most chocolate today is solid. Aztec chocolate was made purely from crushed beans and spices, whereas today cocoa butter and condensed milk is added.
1. What are the similarities and differences of chocolate today with chocolate made by the Aztecs? Back
Comprehending the text
The passage implies that chocolate was a luxury because it was highly valued. The Aztecs paid taxes in cocoa beans, and for the Europeans it was expensive after the long sea voyage from Central America.
2. Why was chocolate a luxury in the time of the Aztecs as well as when it was brought to Europe? Back
Comprehending the text
Cocoa beans were crushed into a powder, mixed with a liquid, then heated and poured into a mould, forming shapes as it cooled.
3. How was solid chocolate made? Back
Comprehending the text
No. The text suggests there may be a genetic trait for liking chocolate. It talks about endorphins and other chemicals, but it does not make a clear connection between the melting temperature of cocoa butter and the reason why people like chocolate.
4. Cocoa butter melts at the same temperature as that of the human body. Do we learn if this explains why we like chocolate? Back
Comprehending the text
5. What aspects of chocolate interest scientists?
We are interested in
learning more about genetic traits
the effects of different chemicals in chocolate. Back
Making Aztec chocolate More More
Making Aztec chocolate
Making chocolate in the early 1800s
beans
mix into a mixture
cool chocolate in different shapes
crush
add water
get beans from
cacao tree make a powder heat the mixture
pour into a mould
Making Aztec chocolate
Making chocolate after 1825 Making chocolate after 1825 More
Interpreting the text Different rhetorical modes
When we read, we may find articles are written with application of the following rhetorical modes: Exposition: The purpose of exposition is to provide some background and inform the readers about the plot, character, setting, and theme of the essay/story or motion picture.
Narration is a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theatre or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events. More
Description: The purpose of description is to re-create or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader may picture that which is being described.
Argumentation is the interdisciplinary study of how humans should, can, and do reach conclusions through logical reasoning that is, claims based, soundly or not, on premises. It includes the arts and sciences of civil debate, dialogue, conversation, and persuasion. It studies rules of inference, logic and procedural rules in both artificial and real world settings. Interpreting the text Different rhetorical modes
Now, discuss with your partner, what rhetorical modes is applied in this passage?
The rhetorical modes applied exposition
Interpreting the text Different rhetorical modes More
More
Interpreting the text Reasons for reading More
Interpreting the text
Characteristics of different writings More
Interpreting the text
Characteristics of different writings More
Decide where you might see the passage.
In a recipe book
In a movie review
In a general interest magazine In a scientific report
Interpreting the text More
Mapping Mapping
Embarkation Embarkation Navigation Navigation Destination Destination Resources Resources
Active reading 2 Active reading 2
Chocolate Chocolate
Enhance your reading skills by using skimming and scanning techniques through in and out of classroom exercises
Get to know the history of chocolate and its manufacture specifically
Get to know how chocolate may affect people in general (e.g. positive and negative effects) Use some expressions and grammar points from the text
Chocolate
The history of chocolate
Discussion
Quiz on chocolate
The history of chocolate
Listen to the passage and fill the blanks.
Historians believe the Maya people of Central America first learned to _________ cacao plants around two thousand years ago. The Maya took the cacao trees from the rainforests and _________ them in their gardens. They cooked the cacao seeds, then _________ them into a soft paste. They mixed the paste with water and flavorful _________ to make an unsweetened chocolate drink. The Maya _________ the chocolate drink back and forth between two containers so that the _________ had a layer of bubbles, or foam.
farm grew crushed spices poured liquid More
The history of chocolate
Listen to the passage and fill the blanks.
Cacao and chocolate were an important part of Maya culture. There are often _________ of cacao plants on Maya buildings and art _________. Ruling families drank chocolate at special _______________. And, even poorer members of society could enjoy the drink once in a while. Historians believe that cacao seeds were also used in __________________ ceremonies as a sign of the union between a husband and wife.
images objects ceremonies marriage
Quiz on chocolate
Match each expression from Column A with the appropriate explanations in Column B. More
Quiz on chocolate
click click click click click click
Match each expression from Column A with the appropriate explanations in Column B.
Quiz on chocolate
The cacao is a tropical tree, the seeds of which are used for making chocolate and cocoa. These trees are native to Central and South America. They give several harvests of cocoa beans each year. Cocoa beans are used to make chocolate, but \or water.
click Back
Quiz on chocolate
The Aztecs were natives of Mexico who were conquered by the Spanish in 1521. In the complex Aztec empire, the Aztecs ruled over many other tribes. Hernan Cortes, the Spanish leader, and fewer than 1,000 men defeated the well-organized empire in less than two years. click Back
Quiz on chocolate
Chocoholics are people who love chocolate and eat a lot of it. Similar words are workaholic (someone who works compulsively all the time) and shopaholic (a person who is addicted to shopping). click Back
Quiz on chocolate click
Mars is one of the biggest manufacturers of chocolate bars. The Mars Bar is a chocolate bar manufactured by Mars Incorporated. A different chocolate bar with the same name was sold in the USA until 2002. It contained plain nougat, almonds, caramel and milk chocolate. Back
Quiz on chocolate
If someone has a sweet tooth, they like to eat sweet food, such as cakes, puddings and ice cream. click
Sugar, ice cream? Back
Quiz on chocolate
Cocoa butter is a yellow vegetable fat from cocoa beans. It is used in making chocolate because it can be molded into shapes, like chocolate bars or individual chocolate pieces, which remain solid
until they melt in the mouth. click Back
1. Do you like chocolate? If so, how often do you eat, and when? If not, why not? 2. What are the good and bad effects of eating chocolate? 3. What events or ideas do you associate with chocolate? 4. Why do we love chocolate?
Discussion
Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.
click click click click
Discussion
1. Do you like chocolate? If so, how often do you eat, and when? If not, why not?
Yes. I love it. I don’t eat it very often, about once a week, because it is quite expensive. Back
Discussion
2. What are the good and bad effects of eating chocolate?
Chocolate
energy
negative joy
too much sugar in it bad for my health
positive Back
Discussion
I associate it with holidays or Valentine’s Day.
3. What events or ideas do you associate with chocolate? Back
Discussion
It gives people energy.
we love it because it tastes sweet and milky.
4. Why do we love chocolate? Back
Text organisation Text exploration Text evaluation
Comprehending the text
Making Aztec chocolate Interpreting the text
Text organisation
Read the text quickly and fill in the flow chart to understand the structure of the text. More
Text organisation In the 1800s
In the 16th century
In the end of the 19th century
Chocolate first came to Europe. The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate appeared.
Not likely: There are not enough details about making chocolate and no instructions for using it in cooking.
Interpreting the text
In a recipe book? More
Highly unlikely: There is no information about a film or storyline as one would expect, even for a film in which chocolate is a major theme. Interpreting the text
In a movie review? More
Very likely: The information is broad, without many specific details. There are several switches in the focus (from history, manufacturing, reasons for the popularity of chocolate to general science) which may keep the casual reader interested. Interpreting the text
In a general interest magazine?
Not likely: There are no details of a research investigation (purpose, hypothesis, research methods, results).
Interpreting the text
In a scientific report? More More
Work in pairs and answer the questions about the features of the passage. Does it contain critical opinions?
Does it refer to a film, a play, or a concert?
Does it contain instructions on how to make a certain dish? No
No No More
Work in pairs and answer the questions about the features of the passage. Are there lots of passive structures?
Is it written in formal and objective English? Is it written for specialist readers?
Is it written to inform or to entertain, or both? No No
click Both
Work in pairs and answer the questions about the features of the passage. 4. Are there lots of passive structures?
There are some examples: It is made ?; It was used ?; Cocoa beans were crushed ?; It is also known ?; it is not really known ? But such passive structures are not of a high percentage. Back
After reading the passage, do you think chocolate is good or bad for you?
Do you agree that chocolate gives you a similar feeling to when you’re in love? Do you find chocolate difficult to resist?
If the appeal of chocolate is caused by its chemical composition, do you think chocolate should be regarded as a kind of drug? Text evaluation
Work in groups and discuss the questions, each group with one question only. click click click click
Text evaluation
I think chocolate is good for me in general, but one should not have too much of it. It makes me happy.
Chocolate may induce migraines (a kind of very bad headache) for some people. 1. After reading the passage, do you think chocolate is good or bad for you?
benefit
harm Back
Text evaluation
2. Do you agree that chocolate gives you a similar feeling to when you’re in love? Back
Text evaluation
3. Do you find chocolate difficult to resist?
No, I’m strong-minded and disciplined; I’m watching my weight or on
a diet; I don’t like it much anyway.
Yes, I need it for an energy boost; I don’t think it is harmful; I eat it with friends to be sociable. Back
Text evaluation
4. If the appeal of chocolate is caused by its chemical composition, do you think chocolate should be regarded as a kind of drug?
Chocolate isn’t a drug: It isn’t a medicine; it’s not really addictive; it’s not harmful, and scientists and medical organizations haven’t recognized it as a drug, so it shouldn’t be banned. Back
Chocolate is a drug: It has addictive properties, but it’s not harmful in moderation, so it shouldn’t be banned.
Summarising Talking point
Debate
Questionnaire
Is chocolate a healthy or junk food?
For a ________, chocolate is extremely ____________. Chocolate as we know it today first appeared in the 1800s,when liquid chocolate was poured into a ________ to cool and become solid. Then the chocolate _____________ Lindt discovered how to make chocolate ________ by adding extra cocoa butter, and Daniel Peter first made milk chocolate using milk which had been ____________ and then mixed with cocoa paste, which gave it a smoother _______. But the __________ of chocolate is both an _________ characteristic and an effect of the 300 chemicals it contains, including vitamins. Summarising
Summarise the text by filling the blanks. luxury nourishing mould
manufacturer snap
condensed flavour popularity genetic
Debate
Debate on people’s attitudes towards chocolate.
Is chocolate a healthy or junk food? More
Debate
Debate on people’s attitudes towards chocolate.
Published studies suggest cocoa and dark chocolate may decrease the risk of some lifestyle related diseases including diabetes (糖尿病) and cardiovascular disease (心血管病). Recent research shows that chocolate can provide natural health-promoting substances called flavonoids (类黄酮). Possible answer: Positive side More
Debate
Debate on people’s attitudes towards chocolate.
Since flavonoids seem to help prevent heart disease and cancer, the idea of eating chocolate sounds like a tempting and delicious way to better your health. However, although chocolate might be preferable to other treats, it is no substitute for vegetables and fruits, which also contain flavonoids. What’s more, anything eaten in excess is less than healthy—a chocolate treat once in a while is OK, otherwise it is fattening and damaging for your teeth in a long run. Possible answer: Negative side
Questionnaire
1. When you buy food, the most important thing is ____. (a) price (b) taste
(c) appearance
2. When you eat in a restaurant, you always ____. (a) try a little of everything (b) try only the things you like to eat (c) eat everything More
Work in pairs and answer the questionnaire. Do you both have similar tastes and attitudes to food?
Do you eat to live or live to eat?
Questionnaire
3. If there is food left at the end of the meal, you usually ____. (a) leave it
(b) try to eat some more
(c) ask to take it away with you
4. If you have a choice, you’d eat ____. (a) Chinese food (b) Western food
(c) all kinds of food More
Work in pairs and answer the questionnaire. Do you both have similar tastes and attitudes to food?
Do you eat to live or live to eat?
Questionnaire
6. The food you’d be happy to leave out of your diet is ____. (a) meat
(b) vegetables (c) fruit
5. If you’re hungry, you usually ____. (a) wait until the next meal (b) have your meal early (c) have a snack More
Work in pairs and answer the questionnaire. Do you both have similar tastes and attitudes to food?
Do you eat to live or live to eat?
Questionnaire
8. When you have lunch or dinner, what you enjoy most of all is ____. (a) the company (b) the food
(c) the television
7. If you were away from home, the food you would most miss is ____. (a) noodles (b) rice (c) jiaozi More
Work in pairs and answer the questionnaire. Do you both have similar tastes and attitudes to food?
Do you eat to live or live to eat?
Questionnaire
10. The saying which best describes how or what you eat is _____.
(a) Never eat anything you can’t pronounce
(b) I have eyes bigger than my stomach
(c) Never eat any meat if you don’t know where the rest of the animal is
9. When you leave the table, you usually feel ____. (a) you’ve eaten enough (b) you haven’t eaten enough
(c) you’ve eaten too much
Work in pairs and answer the questionnaire. Do you both have similar tastes and attitudes to food?
Do you eat to live or live to eat?
Information related Difficult sentences Words to note Language in use
Preview
1. The world's best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didn't appear until the end of the 19th century. (Para 3)
2. But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics? (Para 4)
3. These chemicals make us feel happy and give us a sense of well-being, similar to the feeling we have when we're in love! (Para 6) click click
Difficult sentences click
1. The world's best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didn't appear until the end of the 19th century. (Para 3)
Which 在句子里引导非限定性定语从句，补述前面主句内容的不足。这种定语从句如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整、明确。
直到19世纪末，世界上最畅销的巧克力——比黑巧克力更香甜柔滑的牛奶巧克力——才问世。 click click
Difficult sentences Translate the sentence. Analyze the sentence. Back Ex.
Difficult sentence
Exercise: Choose the best answer for each sentence. (1) Do you know Tom, _______ we talked about? A. who B. whom C. that
(2) He bought the car for more than $20,000, with _____ his father was angry.
A. which B. that C. what
(3) I had told them the reason, ______ I didn't attend the meeting.
A. for which B. for what C. for that Back
2. But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics? (Para 4)
Chocaholics are people who love chocolate and eat a lot of it.
词组 confess to (doing) sth 为固定短语，confess to doing sth=confess to having done sth 对(做过)某事供认不讳
是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地畅销？又是什么原因导致了巧克力的上瘾特性，使许多人承认自己是巧克力迷呢？ click click
Difficult sentences Translate the sentence. Analyze the sentence. Back
3. These chemicals make us feel happy and give us a
sense of well-being, similar to the feeling we have when we're in love! (Para 6)
A sense of well-being refers to a satisfactory state that someone may feel that they are in. This includes feeling happy, healthy, safe or having enough money.
这种化学物质让我们感到快乐，给我们幸福感，类似于我们恋爱时的感觉！ click click
Difficult sentences Translate the sentence. Analyze the sentence. Back
Think of two sentences to describe your life in the future using the phrase a sense of well-being. click
Words to note
confess crush
flavour inherit luxury melt
nourishing popularity stimulating account for
have an/ some/ little/ no effect on
confess
(1) Edwards confessed to _________________________.
临死前他向神父忏悔 (2) I had not confess __________________________ at all.
讨厌现代音乐 the priest before he died a hatred of modern music
Complete the following sentences.
confess to sb / confess to (doing) something vi. to admit that you have committed a crime 承认；供认；招供；交代
? crush
vt. to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition (1) I was responsible for the _________ defeat.
(2) Several people were ________ to death by the falling rocks.
(3) The scrap merchant has a machine which _________ cars.
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of crush. crushing crushed crushes
Their plot to overthrow the government was crushed. 他们企图推翻政府的阴谋被粉碎了。
flavour
n. the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people
e.g. The torch of the Beijing Olympic Games has a very strong Chinese flavour.
Figure out the meaning of underlined words. Which flavor do you want—chocolate or vanilla? Each variety of melon has its individual flavour. The film retains much of the book's exotic flavour. 口味 味道 风味
add/give a/an flavour (to sth)
Translate the following sentences.
(1) He will inherit the money when he has passed his minority.
他达到法定年龄时即可继承这笔钱。
(2)你继承的基因，一半是你母亲的，一半是你父亲的。
You inherit half your genes from your mother and half from your father.
inherit
vt. 1) to obtain from someone after their death 2) to receive from a predecessor
e.g. He has inherited his grandfather's skill in making money. coinherit something from somebody
luxury
n. something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity
adj. relating to, indicating, or supplying luxury e.g. He once led a life of luxury and dissipation. e.g. The prince drives a very luxury car.
Please match the word or phrase in the left box with the answers in right box.
1. 山顶上的雪在阳光下融化了。
The snow on top of the mountains melted away under the sun.
2. Sadness has all melted away. 愁绪全消。 melt
vi. 1) to become or cause to become soft or liquid Translate the following sentences. 2) to gradually disappear
1. This food provides _________ for you.
2. We need to _________ our hopes and dreams.
3. Offal is now thought to be very ______________________.
adj. providing the food needed to live, grow, and be healthy Complete the sentences with words in the column.
nourishing nutrition nutritious nourish nutrition nourish
nutritious/ noutrishing nourishing
e.g. Vegetables and fruit are very nourishing.
? popularity
n. the quality of being widely admired or accepted
Translate the following sentences.
1. He enjoyed great popularity among his workers. 他在工人中极受欢迎。
Cyber bars have gained in popularity in recent years.
gain/grow/increase in popularity
e.g. Golf has gained in popularity among the wealthy in my country. 网吧近年来越来越流行。
? stimulating
adj. rousing or quickening activity or the senses Translate the following expressions. 使人感兴趣的讨论 刺激人们的视觉神经 扩大国内需求
a stimulating discussion
stimulating people's visual sense stimulating domestic demand
Translate the following sentences.
1. These subjects are remarkably stimulating to the mind of kids. 启发的
2. A difficult, demanding and stimulating task. 激励的
? account for
Tell the different meanings of account for in the following sentence.
1. Too much rain accounted for the poor crop.
2. It accounts for 30 per cent of all railway accidents. 3. How do you account for your long absence from classes without asking for leave? 引起，导致
（在数量或比例上）占 做出解释或说明
be the reason or explanation for
have an/ some/ little/ no effect on
1. Punishment had __________ effect on him.
2. It has been found that smoking does _______________ on the health of the smoker. 3. They have __________________ on health.
Complete the sentences with words in the column.
very little have an effect no proven effect
have an/ some/ little/ no effect on
??Language in use
Useful expressions
Translation
English to Chinese Chinese to English
Useful expressions More
1.提神醒脑的滋补饮料
1. stimulating and nourishing drink 2.宗教仪式
2. religious ceremony 3.昂贵的奢侈品
3. expensive luxury 4.掰成块
4. snap into pieces
5.最畅销的巧克力
5. best-selling chocolate 6.出奇地畅销
6. amazing popularity
7.承认
7. confess to
8.强烈地感觉
8. have a very strong feeling of 9.爱吃零食
9. sweet tooth
10.从······遗传
10. inherit from? 11.基因特征
11. genetic trait 12.大量的
12. large amounts of 13.幸福感
13. a sense of well-being
Useful expressions 14.有同样的作用
14. have the same effect on
1. Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.
2. “Now, stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have something nice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and butter,” he suggested, striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal.
3. But with the clear conception which only a
ten-year-old boy can have, I still understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my father’s plate. click click click
Translation
English to Chinese More
4. The chocolate sets into bars which will easily snap into pieces and then melt in the mouth.
5. But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics?
click click
Translation
English to Chinese
1 他们这儿不卖薯条，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麦当劳。(serve)
2 他拣起一个核桃，想用锤子把它砸开，可没想到却把它砸碎了。(crack; crush) 3 当金子加热融化后，他们把金水倒进模子，铸成金条。(melt; mould) 4 他承认是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to)
5 令我们欣喜的是，新的经济计划开始对经济发展产生积极影响。(have ? effect on) click click
Translation Chinese to English click click click
1 Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.
2 “Now, stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have something nice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and butter,” he suggested, striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal. Translation
English to Chinese
Translate the paragraphs into Chinese
外面，天空灰蒙蒙的，海面上刮来一阵强风。天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。
“好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃、顺口的东西，比如对虾加黄油面包。”他提议说。吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话中第一次有了妥协的意思。 Back
3 But with the clear conception which only a ten-year-old boy can have, I still understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my father’s plate.
4 The chocolate sets into bars which will easily snap into pieces and then melt in the mouth. Translation
English to Chinese
Translate the paragraphs into Chinese
但是，尽管清晰地感觉到了他的妥协——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲的盘子边上的牡蛎。
（添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折断的条块，入口即化。 Back
5 But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics? Translation
English to Chinese
Translate the paragraphs into Chinese
但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地畅销？又是什么原因导致了巧克力的上瘾特性，使无数人承认自己是巧克力迷呢？ Back
1 他们这儿不卖薯条，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麦当劳。(serve)
2 他拣起一个核桃，想用锤子把它砸开，可没想到却把它砸碎了。(crack; crush) Translation Chinese to English
Translate the paragraphs into English They don’t serve chips / French fries here. If you want them, you have to go to a KFC or McDonald’s. He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead he crushed it. Back
3 当金子加热融化后，他们把金水倒进模子，铸成金条。(melt; mould)
4 他承认是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to)
5 令我们欣喜的是，新的经济计划开始对经济发展产生积极影响。(have ? effect on) Translation Chinese to English
Translate the paragraphs into English
When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form a gold bar. He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom.
To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effect on the economy. Back
??Information related
The history of the development of chocolate
The origin of the word chocolate Chocolate: Food of the God
The history of the development of chocolate
Chocolate Through the Years
The story of chocolate, as far back as we know it, begins with the discovery of America. Until 1492, the Old World (指欧洲大陆，相对于美洲大陆) knew nothing at all
about the delicious and stimulating flavor that was to become the favorite of millions. The Court of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella got its first look at the principal ingredient (原料) of chocolate when Columbus returned in triumph from America and laid before the Spanish throne (王位) a treasure trove of many strange and wonderful things. More
The history of the development of chocolate
Among these were a few dark brown beans that looked like almonds (杏仁) and seemed most unpromising (无指望的). They were cocoa beans, today's source of all our chocolate and cocoa. The King and Queen never dreamed how important cocoa beans could be, and it remained for Hernando Cortez (科尔特斯), the great Spanish explorer, to grasp the commercial possibilities
of the New World offerings. More
The history of the development of chocolate
Spanish monks, who had been consigned (托运) to process the cocoa beans, finally let the secret out. It did not take long before chocolate was acclaimed (受到欢迎) throughout Europe as a delicious, health-giving food. For a while it reigned (主宰) as the drink at the fashionable Court of France. Chocolate drinking spread across the Channel to Great Britain, and in 1657 the first of many famous English Chocolate Houses appeared. More
The history of the development of chocolate
Chocolate Spreads to Europe The 19th Century marked two more revolutionary developments in the history of chocolate. In 1847, an English company introduced solid \(半软糖) chocolate, a smooth and velvety (光滑柔和) variety that has almost completely replaced the old coarse grained (颗粒粗糙的) chocolate which formerly dominated (统领) the world market. The second development occurred in 1876 in Vevey, Switzerland, when Daniel Peter devised a way of adding milk to the chocolate, creating the product we enjoy today known as milk chocolate. More
The history of the development of chocolate
Chocolate Comes to America
In the United States of America, the production of chocolate proceeded at a faster pace than anywhere else in the world. It was in pre-Revolutionary New England-1765, to be exact-that the first chocolate factory was established in this country. During World War II, the U.S. government recognized chocolate's role in the nourishment and group spirit of the Allied Armed Forces, so much so that it allocated valuable shipping space for the importation of cocoa beans. Many soldiers were thankful for the pocket chocolate bars which gave them the strength to carry on until more food rations could be obtained.
Chocolate: Food of the God More
Chocolate: Food of the God More
Chocolate: Food of the God
The new drink quickly won friends, especially among the Spanish aristocracy (贵族). Spain wisely proceeded to plant cacao in its overseas colonies, which gave birth to a very profitable business. Remarkably enough, the Spanish succeeded in keeping the art of the cocoa industry a secret from the rest of Europe for nearly a hundred years.
The word \is said to derive from the Mayan. The Mexican Indian word \comes from a combination of the terms choco (\in beverage form. As part of a ritual in twelfth-century Mesoamerican marriages, a mug of the frothy chocolate was shared.
The origin of the word chocolate More
Arthur W. Knapp, author of The Cocoa and Chocolate Industry (Pitman, 1923) points out that if we believe Mexican mythology, \was consumed by the Gods in Paradise, and the seed of cocoa was conveyed to man as a special blessing by the God of the Air.\ Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) was dissatisfied with the word \so renamed it \
The origin of the word chocolate
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