第一部分 教材梳理 选修六(3)

[模仿要点] 句子结构： 同位语

【模仿1】另一个人们赞成“福娃”，那五个2008年奥运会吉祥物,的英文名字的原因是它的拼音翻译。 _______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Another reason why people show favour of “Fuwa”, the English name of five mascots of the 2008 Olympics, is its pinyin translation.

【模仿2】另一个我们能帮助保护我们的生存环境的努力是对塑料袋，一种难溶解的物质，使用的禁止。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Another efforts that we can make to help protect our living environment is a ban on the use of plastic bags, a kind of material hard to be degraded.

3. 【原句】With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words.用五行诗，学生可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面。

[模仿要点] 句子结构： with +N.(作状语)

【模仿1】共同努力，我们可以创造一个和谐的社会。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：With the joint efforts, we can make a harmony society.

【模仿2】在他的指导下，我们用一种更好的方法解决了这个问题。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：With his instruction, we work out the problem in a better way.

4. 【原句】It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words.它容易写，而且像五行诗一样，它可以用最少的词语呈现一幅清晰的画面，表达出一种特殊的感情。

[模仿要点] 句子结构：It is + adj. to do sth, like + N./doing +谓语

【模仿1】网上畅游很容易，像网上购物，能省很多从这家店到那家店的时间。

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答案：It is convenient to surf on the Internet and，like shopping on line, can save you lots of time going from one shop to another.

【模仿2】收集东西好有趣，像收集邮票，在找出它们的历史和意义的同时可以学到很多东西。 _______________________________________________________________________________

答案：It is interesting to collect things, and like collecting stamps, can give you lots of knowledge finding out the history and the meaning of them. 第一部分 教材梳理 选修六 Unit3 A healthy life 一、语言要点

I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点） 词语 1.stress/pressure/tension 2. ban/forbid/prohibit 3. effect/influence 辨析 4. ashamed/ shameful stress n. 压力, 重点stressed adj.v. 感到压力的 stressful adj 产生压力的 着重, 强调, 重读 2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾 addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾 addictive adj. 上瘾的 词形 变化 词汇 部分 3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地 的, 4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧, ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的 5.comprehension n.理解（力） comprehend v.理解，领会 6. judgment n.判断 7. illegal adj.不合法的 udge v.判断 egal n.合法的 comprehensive adj.能充分理解的 udge n.法官，裁判 重点 单词 重点 词组 abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待 ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令 due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的 addicted adj.成习惯而离不开…. accustomed adj. 通常的 quit vt.停止(作某事);离开 survival n.幸存者 eel like doing sth. 想要做某事 take risks 冒险/at risk 处于危险之中 n spite of 不管;尽管 get into陷入 1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking. 重点句子 t的用法（I）(见语法专题) 重点语法 II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). stress/pressure/tension压力 【解释】 stress指承受外来的压力，也可指由于某原因而引起的心理，生理或情绪上的紧张。 pressure指单位面积 上所受的压力。或指某事物所产生的压力或影响。 ension多指关系不好或其他原因而出现的紧张状态，或指某物被过度伸展后呈现的状态。 【练习】选择stress/pressure或tension并用其适当的形式填空 1) More and more people cannot bear the ________ of modern life. 2) Don’t pull it any more. The great ________ will break the rope. 3) The patient is complaining of his feeling of _______ on his chest. 4) Nobody can work well under ___________. Keys: 1) stress 2) intension 3) pressure 4) pressure/stress 2). ban/forbid/prohibit禁止 【解释】 ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止，有谴责或不赞成的意味。搭配ban…from sth./doing sth. orbid较常用。可是个人，也可以是国家，政府机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth. prohibit强调以法律或官方行政手段，或规章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth. 【练习】选择ban/forbid或prohibit，并用其适当的形式填空 1) After the accident, he was _______ from driving alone. 2) Our school ________ us to bring cell phone to school. 3) The law __________ the tobacco from being sold freely. Keys: 1) banned 2) forbad 3) prohibits 3) effect/influence影响 【解释】 effect：能直接引起某种结果的影响 nfluence指对某人或物产生的潜移默化的影响。 【练习】选择effect或influence并用其适当的形式填空 1)The drug had an immediate __________ on the pain.。 2) My parents considered my friend to be a bad _______ on me. Keys: 1) effect 2) influence 4）ashamed/ shameful羞耻，惭愧的 【解释】 ashamed做表语，表示（人）感到羞耻，惭愧的 shameful指事情或行为本身可耻，不道德的。 【练习】选择ashamed或shameful并用其适当的形式填空 1) The boy was _________ to tell his mother that he had failed. 2) I was _______ of my ________ behavior at that time. Keys: 1)ashamed 2) ashamed; shameful III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料） stress n. 压力, 重点stressed adj.感到压力的 v. 着重, 强调, 重读 2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾 addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾 3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地 识的, 4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧, ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 5.comprehension n.理解（力） comprehend v.理解，领会 stressful adj 产生压力的 addictive adj. 上瘾的 shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的 comprehensive adj.能充分理解的 6. judgment n.判断 7. illegal adj.不合法的 udge v.判断 egal n.合法的 udge n.法官，裁判 【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) After a _______ week of work, all the employees were extremely ________ and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under ________.(stress) 2) Playing computer games is highly _______. Once you get _______to it, you will find it hard to get rid of it. Now, Henry, one of my classmate is fighting his _______ to the games.(addict) 3) As a _______, he has good _________ and never _______ a person by his appearance.(judge) 4) Doing any ________ anything will be protected in China, while doing anything _______will be punished.(legal) 5) The son was _______ to hurt his old mother in such a _______way and came to beg her pardon.(shame) 6) Some songs by Zhoujielun can not be _________ by us. To some old people, they are completely beyond________ . So, their grandson or granddaughters have to explain the songs in a more ________way to their grandparents.(comprehend) 7) When I saw a car rushing towards me at a high speed, I jumped aside __________. It was my _______ action that saved my life.(automatic) keys: 1) stressful; stressed; stress 2) addictive; addicted; addiction 3) judge; judgment; judges 4) legal; illegally 5) ashamed; shameful 6) comprehended; comprehension; comprehensive 7) automatically; automatic IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料） 1. abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待 [典例]

1) We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us” 我们滥用土地，因为我们把它当作属于自己的商品. 2) He greeted me with a stream of abuse, which made me feel sad. 他迎面对我一顿痛骂,这使我很难过. [重点用法]

drug abuse滥用药品 child abuse虐待儿童

2. ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令

[重点用法]

ban…from sth./doing sth.禁止做某事 a ban on关于……的禁令 [典例]

1) From last June, there is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in supermarket. 从去年六月份开始禁止超市无偿提供塑料袋。

2) People are banned from smoking in many public places in England.在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。

3. due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的 [典例]

1) Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达 2) The electricity bill is due today . 今天该交电费了.

3) A great deal of money is due to you 这些钱应该付给你。 [重点用法]

due to因为……；归因于，归功于 be due to do sth.定于某时做某事 4. addicted adj.成习惯而离不开… [重点用法]

be addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于……；专心做…… addict oneself to sth沉溺于…… [典例]

1) 50 million Americans are thought to be addicted to nicotine．据说有五百万美国人有烟瘾。 2) Many kids have now become addicted to surfing the Net．很多孩子现在沉迷于上网 3) He is an addicted traveler．他是个旅行迷。 5. accustomed adj. 通常的 [重点用法]

be(become／grow／get accustomed)to(doing)sth．习惯于(与get used to sth./doing sth.同义) accustom oneself to sh./doing sth.使自己习惯于…..;养成…….的习惯

[典例]

1) We were accustomed to working together．我们习惯了一起工作。

2) Having moved to the northeast of China, I had to accustom myself to the dry weather. 搬到东北后，我不得不使自己适应干燥的气候。 [练习]

用accustom恰当形式填空

1) She was a person_______ ________ having eight hours’ sleep a night． 2) He took his_______ seat by the fire． 3) I’m not______ to getting up so early．

Keys: 1)accustomed to 2) accustomed 3)accustomed 6. quit (quit/quitted) vt.停止(作某事);离职 [典例]

1) I am so tired that I decide to quit next month.我很累了，所以我打算下个月辞职。

2) I had to quit the gathering in order to be home by midnight.为了能在午夜前到家，我不得不离开聚会 3) He quit smoking, and talked something to the person next to him.他停下烟，和旁边的人说着什么。 [重点用法]

quit doing sth.(必须接名词或动名词做宾语) 除此，以下动词有类似用法suggest; practise; risk(冒险); enjoy; escape; admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; deny; mind; miss; permit; consider; forbid; finish; prevent; keep ; delay; dislike; imagine; 6. survival n.幸存 [重点用法]

survive v.幸免于，幸存 survivor n.幸存者 [典例]

1) As is known, we need food and water for survival.众所周知，为了生存我们需要食物和水。 2) The house survive the storm.经历暴风雪，房子依然没事。 V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料） 1. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ; [典例]

I feel like drinking a cup of hot tea in the cold winter every evening. 在寒冷的冬天里,我每个晚上都要喝杯热茶

I feel like lying on the bed and listening to the music.我喜欢躺在床上听歌. He feels like a faithful before that learned scholar.

在这个知识渊博的学者面前,他就象一个忠诚的信徒. It feels like a snake.这摸上去像是条蛇. [短语归纳]

would like to do sth.想要做某事 prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事

would rather do … than do…情愿做……而不愿… prefer doing (sth.) to (doing) sth. 情愿做……而不愿… enjoy doing sth.喜欢/乐意做某事 2. take a risk/risks 冒险 [典例]

1) I know that I am taking a risk, but it is all worthwhile.我知道我是在冒险,但这非常值得。 2) He took the risk of losing his own life and saved my life in the cold river. 他冒着失去自己生命的危险，在冰冷的河水里救了我的命。 [短语归纳]

at risk冒风险；处于危险中 at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒。。。的危险 risk doing冒险做。。。

at one’s own risk自担风险 3. in spite of 不管;尽管 [典例]

1) They kept going in spite of their fears. 他们不顾害怕继续前进。

2) In spite of the heavy rain, he came on time.尽管雨很大,他还是按时来了。 [同义归纳]

regardless of不管，不顾，尽管；后跟名词，动名词，代词，名词短语等。 despite=in spite of

although尽管,后跟从句 4. get into陷入 [典例]

1) He got into the habit of smoking following his father’s example.他学他的父亲,染上了吸烟的习惯。 2) You may get into trouble, if you always tease others.如果你总是取笑别人，你会惹上麻烦的。 [短语归纳]

get over a difficulty克服困难 get over a cough咳嗽好了

get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事 get through to you打通你的电话 get through the work完成工作

VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking 当因为我不再适合而被学校足球队开除以后，我意识到自己是时候戒烟了.

[解释] It is (high/about) time for sb. to do sth.=It is (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.该某人做某事的时候了。 [典例]

It is high time for us to say good-bye.=It is high time that we should say good-bye.到我们分别的时候了。 二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

James’ grandfather wrote to help James 1 (戒烟) smoking. James’ grandfather once became 2 （addicted）to cigarettes in three ways. His body was 3 (习惯) to having nicotine. He began to do it automatically and became 4 (mental) addicted. But he finally managed to stop 5 realizing the harmful 6 (影响) of it. He also told James that smoking did damage to heart and 7 (肺部) and it was more difficult

for smoking couples to become 8 (怀孕). So he gave James some advice and encouraged him not to be 9 (disappoint). 10 he kept trying, he would succeed eventually.

答案：1. quit/stop 2. addicted 3.accustomed 4. mentally 5. when 6.effects

7.lungs 8.pregnant 9.disappointed 10. If

2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力） 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

詹姆斯的祖父写信帮助詹姆斯戒烟，告诉他如何会沉迷于香烟，吸烟的恶果，并就如何摆脱坏习惯给他一些建议

答案：James’ grandfather wrote to help James quit smoking by telling him the ways of becoming addicted to cigarettes, the harmful effects of smoking and giving him some advice on how to get rid of the bad habit. 3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）

1.【原句】It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.感到惊讶吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。 [模仿要点] 句子结构：It seems + adj. + that 引导主语从句

【模仿1】杰克下课后仍然呆在课室继续他的学习似乎令人惊讶。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It seems surprising that after class Jack still stayed in the classroom to continue his reading. 【模仿2】网上我们几秒钟内就能获得世界上发生的一切事情的信息似乎令人惊叹。

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答案：It seems amazing that on line we can get information about what is happening around the world in a minute. 2. 【原句】However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。

[模仿要点] 句子结构： what 引导主语从句 + that 引导表语从句

【模仿1】然而，我所知道的是只有爱，关心及理解才能建立一种理想的师生关系。

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答案：However, what I do know is that only love , care, and understanding can build up an ideal relationship between teacher and students.

【模仿2】然而，我所相信的是只有通过努力学习我才能赶上其他人。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：However, what I do believe is that only by studying hard can I catch up with the others. 3．【原句】Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你（已经）是不抽烟的人了。

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