第一部分 教材梳理 选修六(4)

[模仿要点] 句子结构：every time 引导状语从句，+ 祈使句

【模仿1】每次你想要玩电脑的时候，提醒你自己曾经经历过的事情。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Every time you would like to play computer, remind yourself of the experience you once had. 【模仿2】每次你感到压抑的时候，做一些放松运动。

答案：Every time you feel stressed, do some relaxation exercises. 第一部分 教材梳理 选修六

Unit 4 Global warming

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点） 词语 1.consequence/result/effect/outcome 2. glance/gaze/glare/stare 辨析 1.agree v.同意 disagree v.不同意 词形 2. exist v.存在 变化 3.state v.陈述，说明 4. environment n.环境 词汇 部分 重点 单词 existence n.存在 agreement/disagreement n.同意/不同意 重点 词组 重点句子 statement n.声明，阐述 environmental adj.周围的，环境environmentalist n.环境保护主义者 的 phenomenon n. 現象 tend vt. 趋向, 往往是；照管, 护理 state vt.声明, 陈述 range n.行列, 范围；vt. 排列, 归类于 average adj.平均的 existence n.生存 advocate倡导，拥护 refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新 contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿 come about 发生 quantities of大量的 result in导致 be opposed to反对 on behalf of代表……一方 put up with 忍受； 容忍so long as 只要 1. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫 “温室”气体,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳. 重点语法 t的用法（II）(见语法专题) II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). consequence/result/effect/outcome 【解释】 consequence强调因某件事而引起的后果，有时带贬义。 esult普通用语，指某行动，计划或事件带来的最终结果。 effect与相对，指动作行为带来的后果或效应。 outcome侧重 某项活动，比赛的结果，结局 【练习】选择consequence/result/effect或outcome并用其适当的形式填空 1) The ________ of the game was beyond our expectation. 2) The _________ of the meeting was that no one should be dismissed. 3) The advertisements have much ________ on consumers’ choice. 4) In _________ of laziness, he was fired. Keys: 1) outcome 2) result 3) effect 4) consequence 2). glance/gaze/glare/stare 看，注视 【解释】 glance一瞥，匆匆一看，强调动作的短暂 gaze凝视，注视，因惊异或赞赏而长时间无意识地凝视某人或某事物 glare怒视，带有敌对或威胁的态度 stare盯着看，含有无礼或粗俗的意味。 【练习】选择glance/gaze/glare或stare，并用其适当的形式填空 1) They stood at the top of the hill, _______ at the splendid sunset. 2) The manager ______ at the document and signed down his name. 3) The dog _____ at the stranger and barked. 4) Don’t _______ , it’s rude! Keys: 1) gazing 2) glanced 3) glared 4) stare III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料） 1.agree v.同意 disagree v.不同意 2. exist v.存在 3.state v.陈述，说明 4. environment n.环境 existence n.存在 statement n.声明，阐述 environmental adj.周围的，环境的 agreement/disagreement n.同意/不同意 environmentalist n.环境保护主义者 【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) The ________ pointed out that the change of ________ will cause certain great ________ disaster.(environment) 2) It was ______ that the new-elected president of U.S.A made a ________ announcing new policies to reduce the consequence of economy crisis.(state) 3) Though the two Party usually _______ with each other, they have reached an ________ on the levels of green house gases they will allow. (agree) 4) In the survey, people found it funny that many of the longest-lasting marriages in ______ are those between people who ________ in frequent quarrel.(exist) keys: 1) environmentalist; environment; environmental 2) stated; statement 3) disagree; agreement 4) existence; exist IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料） 1. phenomenon n. 現象;奇迹，罕见的人才或事物 phenomena(pl.) [典例]

1) Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather. 雨雪是天气现象。

2) Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians.贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。 3) the phenomena of nature自然现象 4) a social phenomenon社会现象

2. tend vt. 趋向, 往往是；照管, 护理 [重点用法]

tendency n. 趋向，倾向（常与to/towards连用） [典例]

1) Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.大部分男孩都喜欢打篮球。 2) The older women tend to believe in strangers easily.老人更容易轻信陌生人。 3) A team of medical workers were sent to tend the survivors of wenchuan Earthquake. 一组医护人员被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。

4) Nowadays there is a growing tendency for people to shop on internet.如今人们网上购物有增加的趋势 3. state vt.声明, 陈述 n.状况，情况；国家 [重点用法]

state+名词/that从句/wh-从句 statement n. 声明, 陈述 [典例]

1) She is in a terrible state today. 她今天心情不好。 2) the head of state国家首脑

3) He has publicly stated his support for the policy. 他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。 4. range n.行列, 范围；vt. 排列, 归类于 [重点用法]

beyond the range of…超越……的范围 out of one’s range某人达不到的 range oneself站在……的方面

range from… to … / between… and …从……到……不等

5． average adj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的 n.平均，平均数 [典例]

1) His average result of this three subjects is 96. 他三科的平均成绩是96。 2) The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24。 4、8和60的平均数是24。 [重点用法]

above the average 高于平均水平 below the average在一般水平以下

on the average平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说 6. existence n.生存

1) Anything in existence is reasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。

2) In the middle age, no one doubted about the existence of God中世纪时没人怀疑上帝的存在 in existence存在 exist v.存在

7. refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新

1) When tired, you can refresh yourself with a cup of tea困时喝杯茶提神

2) Refresh storage battery in case of being out of energy halfway.给蓄电池充电以免半路没电。 3) The host refreshed our teacups. 主人又为我们斟茶。 V. 词组

1. come about 发生

1) How did this come about? 这是怎么发生的?

2) I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car. 我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。 [短语归纳]

come along 出现, 发生； come out 出来, 长出； come to 达到；

come to oneself 苏醒, 醒悟； come up with 赶上, 提出

【链接高考】It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it ____________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up

答案与分析：C。考查动词come构成的短语。A为“过去”；B为“出来”；D为“出现，到来”； 为“发生”。

2. quantities of 大量的 [典例]

1) Before they enter an entrance examination, they have to do quantities of exercise. 在参加入学考试前，他们得做大量的练习。

2) He drinks large quantities of water every day.他每天都喝大量的水。 [短语归纳]

A (large) quantity of /quantities of+名词（可数/不可数） A mount of/ amounts of+不可数名词

注意：以上短语修饰名词充当主语时，由quantity/amount的单复数决定谓语的单复数。 3. result in 导致 【典例】

1) Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。 2) Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败. 3) The accident resulted in the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。

4) Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver. 这种药使用过量会损害肝脏。 [短语归纳]

lead to作“导致”

result from 由...产生； as result 因此; 结果；

as a result of作为...的结果; 由于... without result 无效地, 毫无结果地； 4. be opposed to 反对

1) All the states in UN were opposed to the war launched by Israel.所有的联合国成员国都反对以色列发起的这场战争。

2) Many residents in Guangzhou are opposed to the plan of tearing down the old buildings. 广州许多居民反对拆毁旧房子的计划。 [短语归纳]

表示反对：disagree with; object to; be against 表示赞成：agree with; be in favour of; be for 5. on behalf of 代表……一方

1) My husband could not be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前来, 我代表他向你们致谢。

2) We attended the global conference on behalf of our country. 6．put up with 忍受；容忍

1) I'm not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦！

2) We have to put up with her bad temper. 我们只得忍受她的坏脾气。

3) Noise is coming to the point where we can't put up with it. 噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步。 [短语归纳]

put aside 节省；put away储存；put down写下 put off 延期； put out 熄灭； put up 举起；

【链接高模】Tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not _____ the boss. A. come up with B. catch up with C. keep up with D. put up with

答案与分析：D。考查词组辨析。根据所给语境可知他无法 “忍受”这个老板。A项表示“想出” 7. so long as 只要

1) As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do). 只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。

2) As long as live, I will help you. 只要我活着，我都会帮助你。

3) As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. 如果你开车小心，你就会很安全。 4) I don't mind as long as it doesn't rain. 只要不下雨就行了。 [短语归纳]

on condition that ?在??的条件下

VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫 “温室”气体,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳. [解释]one/all/every/each/part… of which(whom)引导的定语从句，表示“他（它）们中的一个/所有/每/部分……” 1) I have three good friends, all of whom have emigrated to U.S.A.我有三个好朋友，他们都移民美国了。 2) Here are many kitties, two of which are yellow.这有许多小猫，其中两只是黄色的。 二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

When 1 (compare) with most natural changes, that the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit during the 20th century is quite shocking. And it’s human activity 2 has caused this 3 (全球的) warming rather 4 a random but natural 5 （现象）. Dr Janice Foster explains that we add huge 6 of extra carbon dioxide to the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels. From the second 7 （图表）and the discovery of Charles Keeling, all scientists believe that the burning of more and more fossil fuels has resulted 8 the increase in carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases continue to build up. Some think that the trend would be a 9 (灾难). On the other hand, George Hambley 10 (声明) that more carbon dioxide would encourage a greater range of animals and bring us a better life.

答案：1.compared 2.that 3.global 4.rather 5.phenomenon

6.quantities 7.graph 8.in 9.catastrophe 10.states

2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力） 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

通过文章我们得知，地球的温度正在上升。它也给我们展示不同的想法和根据数据图表分析全球气候变暖的原因，地球的温度和增加可能造成的影响。 From the passage we know that __ 答案：From the passage we know that the temperature of the earth is rising. It also shows us different ideas about global warming and analyzes the causes of the earth’s increased temperature and the possible effects according to the data from the graphs.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）

1.【原句】There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问，地球是在变暖，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致而成，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。

[模仿要点] 句子结构：there is no doubt that … and that… 句式 + it is …that 强调句

【模仿1】毫无疑问，圣诞节的庆祝活动是一个很好的学习方式的西方文化;而且庆祝圣诞节，让我们的生活更有趣。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：There is no doubt that the celebration of Christmas is a good way of learning the western culture and that it is the celebration of Christmas that makes our life more interesting.

【模仿2】毫无疑问，太多的电脑游戏会对学生的健康有不良影响，而且玩电脑太多花费他们太多的时间导致

花在学习上的时间太少。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：There is no doubt that too many computer games can have a bad effect on students’ health and that it is playing too much computer that costs them too much time resulting in too little time on study. 2．【原句】Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。 [模仿要点] 句子结构：主句,+ the most + adj. of + which 引导的定语从句

【模仿1】一些可能的措施应采取以防止我们的地球越来越热，而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家车的使用。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Some possible actions should be taken to keep our earth from getting warm, the most important one of which is to limits the use of private cars.

【模仿2】一些良好的学习方法应采取以改善你的学习，而其中最有效的方法之一是与你的同学讨论。 _______________________________________________________________________________

答案： Some good learning methods should be adopted to improve your study, the most effective one of which is to discuss with your classmates.

3. 【原句】They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。 [模仿要点] 句子结构：宾语从句中的强调句

【模仿1】文章表明是人类的活动对村庄造成的环境破坏。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案： The passage indicates that it is human’s activities that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village.

【模仿2】我们都同意的是年轻一代应该负起振兴国家的责任。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：We all agree that it is the younger generation that should take up the responsibility to build up the country.

第一部分 教材梳理 选修六

Unit 5 The power of nature

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点） 词语 1.living / alive / live 2. force / power / strength 辨析 1. volcano n.火山 volcanic adj. 火山的 volcanology n.火山学 volcanologist n.火山学家 2. erupt v.爆发 eruption n.（火山，战争）爆发 词形 3.absolute adj.绝对的，完全的 absolutely adv.绝对地 变化 4. anxious adj.忧虑的 anxiety n.担心，焦虑 5.bathe v.洗澡，游泳 词汇 部分 bath n.洗澡 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的 6.comfort v.&n.安慰；使缓和 comfortable adj.舒适的 重点 单词 重点 词组 重点句子 重点语法 equipment n.装备,设备 appoint vt.约定; 任命, 委任 evaluate vt.评估，评价，估计 precious adj.贵重的，珍贵的 panic v.惊慌n.惊慌，恐慌 diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的 guarantee vt.保证，担保 compare……with与……比较 burn to the ground全部烧毁 make one’s way前往 spare no effort不遗余力，尽力 mpress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事 1. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 2. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people. 动词形式ing作状语(见语法专题)

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