英文介绍中医2(19)

英文介绍中医

five zang and six fu organs converges into the 度和预测疾病的预后。很eyes." From the observation of vitality the 明显察神是诊断疾病的一physician may infer the abundance or inadequacy 个重要指征。神有如下表of the vital essence, analyze mildness or the 现：得神、假神和失神。 severeness of the disease and predict the

prognosis of disease. It is quite evident that

the observation of vitality is of an important

significance in diagnosing a disease. The

manifestations of vitality are as follows; being

of vitality, pseudo-vitality, and loss of

vitality.

The observation of complexion is a

diagnostic method for inspecting the colour and

lustre of the face. TCM divides the facial

colours into blue, yellow, red, pale and black, 察色是观察面部的颜also known as the "five colours", whose changes 色和光泽的一种诊断方may indicates the nature and the location of a 法。中医将面色分为青、disease. Generally speaking, red complexion 黄、红、白、黑，也称为indicates heat syndromes; white complexion “五色”，面色的改变可indicates cold and deficiency syndrome; yellow 以提示疾病的性质和部complexion deficiency and dampness syndromes; 位。总的来说，色红提示blue complexion suggests pain and cold 热证；色白提示寒证和虚syndrome,blood stasis and convulsion; and black 证；黄色提示虚证和湿证；complexion hints deficiency of the kidney, blood 青色提示痛证、寒证、血stasis and fluid retention. Inspection also 瘀和痉证；黑色提示肾虚、includes observation of the physical build. By 血瘀和水液停滞。望还包the observation of sturdiness, weakness, obesity 括对体质的观察。观察体or emaciation as well as the posture of the 质的强弱、肥瘦和动静姿movement and stillness, different kinds of 势可以发现不同的疾病。diseases may he found out. And, in particular, 望舌是中医独特的诊断步the observation of the tongue is a unique 骤。通常用观察舌质和舌procedure in TCM diagnosis. It is used to observe 苔的改变来确定正气的盛the changes of the tongue proper and the tongue 衰和疾病的部位，区分病coating so as to determine the abundance or 邪的性质，推断疾病的严decline of vital qi, tell the location of a 重程度。

disease, distinguish the nature of pathogenic

factors and infer the degree of seriousness of

a disease.

2. Auscultation and Olfaction 2.闻

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