prep语法(10)

考点:简洁有效（Rhetorical Construction） 逻辑表达（Logical Predication）

1) 当动词有名词形式时,就不要使用the +动词ing形式来表达其名词形式

2) 介词+动词分词在句首,逻辑主语等于主句的主语;在句尾,逻辑主语可能等于主句的主语,也可能等 于所修饰的动词的逻辑主语

(A) the brain…无法与the production of…平行；growing使用错误,应该用grow的名词形式growth来替 换,increasing应该用increase替换;介词结构when placed无论是修饰主句的主语还是所修饰动词

(include)的逻辑主语,该结构都是修饰的documented examples,而从逻辑意思上看,when placed应该

修饰mice,因此when placed修饰对象错误.

(B) 改变句子意思,从未划线部分看,examples包括的对象应该能够表现neurogenesis,同位语对该词

进行了解释 the production of new brain cells,而选项B的例子包括的是mice和canaries,这两个动物

不是the production of new brain cells的例子,而应该用brain growth in mice和an increase in neurons

in canaries作为the production of new brain cells的例子;指代错误,选项中的they分别就近指代brains

和neurons,导致了逻辑意思错误.

(C) 代词they分别就近指代brains和neurons,导致逻辑意思错误

(D) when placed修饰documented examples,导致逻辑意思错误,代词they就近指代neurons,导致逻辑 意思错误

(E) 正确, brain growth in mice和an increase in neurons in canaries很好的作为了the production of

new brain cells的例子;限定性定语从句that…分别修饰mice和canaries,修饰对象正确.

句子结构: Recently documented examples…, …, include the brain growth… or an increase in …

65. (28041-!-item-!-188;#058&003495) and the nonroads of the prairie and they had a floor curved upward on either end so as to prevent

(B) they made Conestoga wagons, which had high wheels capable of crossing rutted roads, muddy flats, and the nonroads of the prairie, and floors curved upward on their ends so that they prevented (C) Conestoga wagons, with high wheels capable of crossing rutted roads, muddy flats, and the nonroads of the prairie, and had a floor that was curved upward at both ends to prevent (D) Conestoga wagons had high wheels capable of crossing rutted roads, muddy flats, and the nonroads of the prairie, and a floor that was curved upward at both ends to prevent (E) Conestoga wagons had high wheels capable of crossing rutted roads, muddy flats, and the nonroads of the prairie and floors curving upward at their ends so that it prevented

考点:逻辑表达（Logical Predication） 平行对称（Parallelism）、指代一致（Agreement）

1) 指代歧意

2) 同一个句子中，连词连接的结构一定是平行结构

(A) 第一个they没有可以指代的对象,第二个they可能跟第一个they指代相同,或者指代wagons,导致

指代不清;they作为developed的逻辑主语,错误,wagons才是developed的逻辑主语.

(B) they没有指代对象;they作为developed的逻辑主语,应该是wagons作为developed的逻辑主语;

and floors curved upward on their ends so that they prevented表达笨拙,their可能指代floors或者

wagons,指代不清.they可能跟their指代一致,也可能指代floors,同样指代不清.

(C) with high wheels…and had a floor结构不平行,前者是介词结构,后者是动词结构

(D) 正确, Conestoga wagons作为developed的逻辑主语,意思正确; wagons had high wheels… and

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